Аннотация
Введение. Послеродовая депрессия и послеродовое посттравматическое стрессовое расстройство (ПТСР) являются распространенными расстройствами перинатального периода. Они серьезно снижают качество жизни матери, имеют долгосрочные последствия для ее психологического благополучия и развития ребенка. В настоящем исследовании впервые на российской выборке рассмотрены социально-экономические факторы риска послеродовой депрессии и ПТСР, а именно факторы экономического статуса семьи, места родов и формата родов. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 2579 женщин возраста 18–43 лет, в течение 12 месяцев, предшествовавших опросу, родившие одного ребенка или нескольких детей. Депрессия оценивалась при помощи Эдинбургской шкалы послеродовой депрессии, послеродовое ПТСР – при помощи Городской Шкалы Травмы в родах. Кроме того, были собраны социально-демографические данные и данные о прошедших родах. Результаты. Были обнаружены статистически значимые различия в выраженности симптомов послеродовой депрессии (F = 13,678, p < 0,001) и послеродового ПТСР в зависимости от экономического статуса матери (F = 10,235, p < 0,001). Также выявлены значимые различия в выраженности симптомов послеродовой депрессии (F = 10,780, p < 0,001) и послеродового ПТСР (F = 10,410, p < 0,001) в зависимости от формата родов (по полису обязательного медицинского страхования, с заключением платного контракта с роддомом, домашние роды). Не выявлено различий в выраженности симптомов послеродовой депрессии и послеродового ПТСР в зависимости от места родов (сельская местность, поселок городского типа, город) (F = 0,021, p = 0,979, F = 0,685, p = 0,504 соответственно). Обсуждение результатов. Результаты работы согласуются с предыдущими исследованиями в России и других странах, указывая на значимость социально–экономических факторов в этиологии послеродовой депрессии и ПТСР. Разработка программ поддержки ментального здоровья женщин с низким экономическим статусом во время беременности, родов и послеродового периода может стать перспективным направлением профилактики послеродовой депрессии и ПТСР.
Библиографические ссылки
Агранович, М. Л., Ермачкова, Ю. В., Селиверстова, И. В. (2019). Российское образование в контексте международных индикаторов. Аналитический доклад. Центр статистики и мониторинга образования ФИРО РАНХиГС.
Кукса, Т. Л. (2021). Доульское сопровождение родов: генезис, дискурсы и практики эмоциональной и физической немедицинской заботы. Мониторинг общественного мнения: экономические и социальные перемены, 3(163), 226–249. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2021.3.1902
Ожиганова, А. А. (2019). История российского движения за домашние роды и осознанное родительство (1980–е годы – настоящее время). Медицинская антропология и биоэтика, 1(17), 93–105.
Ожиганова, А. А. (2020). «Активное недоверие врачам»: случай юридического сопровождения родов. Сибирские исторические исследования, 4, 195–216. https://doi.org/10.17223/2312461X/30/10
Ожиганова, А. А., Молодцова, М. О. (2020). Роды в условиях карантина: позиция доулы. Медицинская антропология и биоэтика, 1(19), 158–173.
Якупова, В. А. (2020). Диагностика ПТСР после родов. Адаптация шкалы послеродового ПТСР на российской выборке. Вестник практической психологии, 2, 110–116.
Abenova, M., Myssayev, A., Kanya, L., Turliuc, M. N., & Jamedinova, U. (2022). Prevalence of postpartum depression and its associated factors within a year after birth in Semey, Kazakhstan: A cross sectional study. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 16, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101103
Akincigil, A., Munch, S., & Niemczyk, K. C. (2010). Predictors of maternal depression in the first year postpartum: marital status and mediating role of relationship quality. Social Work in Health Care, 49(3), 227–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981380903213055
Anding, J. E., Röhrle, B., Grieshop, M., Schücking, B., & Christiansen, H. (2016). Couple comorbidity and correlates of postnatal depressive symptoms in mothers and fathers in the first two weeks following delivery. Journal of affective disorders, 190, 300–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.033
Aoyagi, S. S. & Tsuchiya, K. J. (2019). Does maternal postpartum depression affect children's developmental outcomes? Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, 45(9),1809–1820. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.14064
Ayers, S., Wright, D. B., & Thornton A. (2018). Development of a measure of postpartum PTSD: The city birth trauma scale. Front Psychiatry, 9, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00409
Bernhard, C., Zielinski, R., Ackerson, K., & English, J. (2014). Home birth after hospital birth: women's choices and reflections. Journal of midwifery & women's health, 59(2), 160–166. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12113
Borozdina, E., & Novkunskaya, A. (2022). Patient–centered care in Russian maternity hospitals: Introducing a new approach through professionals’ agency. Health, 26(2), 200–220. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363459320925871
Cankaya, S., & Atas, A. (2022) Factors affecting postpartum depression in Turkish women. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 41, 74–80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2022.07.024
Choi, C., Mersky, J.P., Janczewski, C.E., & Goyal, D. (2022). Advancing research on perinatal depression trajectories: Evidence from a longitudinal study of low–income women. Journal of Affective Disorders, 301, 44–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.026
Cook, N., Ayers, S., & Horsch, A. (2018). Maternal posttraumatic stress disorder during the perinatal period and child outcomes: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 18–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.045
Cox, J. L, Holden, J. M, & Sagovsky, R. (1987). Detection of Postnatal Depression: Development of the 10–item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 782–786. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.150.6.782
De Schepper, S., Vercauteren, T., Tersago, J., Jacquemyn, Y., Raes, F., & Franck, E. (2015). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after childbirth and the influence of maternity team care during labour and birth: A cohort study. Midwifery, 32, 87–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2015.08.010
Dekel, S., Ein–Dor, T., Berman, Z., Barsoumian, I. S., Agarwal, S., & Pitman, R. K. (2019). Delivery mode is associated with maternal mental health following childbirth. Arch Womens Ment Health, 22(6), 817–824.
Dickmen-Yildiz, P., Ayers, S., & Phillips, L. (2016). The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder in pregnancy and after birth: A systematic review and meta–analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 208, 634–645 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.009
Dickmen-Yildiz, P., Ayers, S., & Phillips, L. (2018). Longitudinal trajectories of post–traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after birth and associated risk factors. Journal of Affective Disorders, 229, 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.074
Falconi, A. M., Bromfield, S. G, Tang, T., Malloy, D., Blanco, D., Disciglio R. N. S., & Chi R. N. W. (2022). Doula care across the maternity care continuum and impact on maternal health: Evaluation of doula programs across three states using propensity score matching. eClinicalMedicine, 50. https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101531
Freedman, S. A., Reshef, S., & Weiniger, C. F. (2020). Post–traumatic stress disorder and postpartum depression and their reported association with recent labor and delivery: a questionnaire survey cohort, International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 43, 18–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijoa.2020.04.009
Furuta, M., Sandall, J., Cooper, D., & Bick, D. (2016). Predictors of birth–related post–traumatic stress symptoms: Secondary analysis of a cohort study. Archives of Women's Mental Health, 19(6), 987–999. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737–016–0639–z
Futch Thurston, L. A., Abrams, D., Dreher, A., Ostrowski, S. R., & Wright, J.C. (2019). Improving birth and breastfeeding outcomes among low resource women in Alabama by including doulas in the interprofessional birth care team. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 17, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjep.2019.100278
Gao, S., Su, S., Zhang, E., Liu, R., Zhang, Y., Wang, C., … Yue, W., (2022). Psychological health status in postpartum women during COVID–19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta–analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 319, 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.107
Garthus-Niegel, S., Horsch, A., Ayers, S., Junge-Hoffmeister, J., Weidner, K., & Eberhard–Gran, M. (2018). The influence of postpartum PTSD on breastfeeding: A longitudinal population–based study. Birth, 45(2), 193–201. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12328
Gelaye, B., Rondon, M. B., Araya, R., & Williams, M. (2016). A. Epidemiology of maternal depression, risk factors and child outcomes in low–income and middle–income countries [Series Maternal Depression]. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3(10), 973–982.
Ghanbari-Homayi, S., Fardiazar, Z., Meedya, S. Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., Mohammadi, E., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2019). Predictors of traumatic birth experience among a group of Iranian primipara women: a cross sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 19, 1–9.
Ginja, S., Jackson, K., Newham, J.J., Henderson, E. J., Smart, D., & Lingam, R. (2020). Rural–urban differences in the mental health of perinatal women: a UK–based cross–sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 20, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-03132-2
Goodman, L. A, Smyth, K. F, Borges, A. M, & Singer, R. (2009). When crises collide: how intimate partner violence and poverty intersect to shape women's mental health and coping? Trauma Violence Abuse, 10(4), 306–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838009339754
Grekin, R., & O'Hara, M. W. (2014). Prevalence and risk factors of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(5), 389–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2014.05.003
Handelzalts, J. E., Levy, S., Molmen–Lichter, M., Ayers, S., Krissi, H., Wiznitzer, A., & Peled, Y. (2021). The association of attachment style, postpartum PTSD and depression with bonding – A longitudinal path analysis model, from childbirth to six months. Journal of Affective Disorders, 280, 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.068
Hodnett, E. D, Gates, S., Hofmeyr, G. J, Sakala, C., & Weston, J. (2011). Continuous support for women during childbirth. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 16(2), 1–106. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003766.pub3
Hutchens, B. F., & Kearney, J. (2020). Risk factors for postpartum depression: an umbrella review. Journal of midwifery & women's health, 65(1), 96–108. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.13067
Hutton, E. K., Reitsma, A., Simioni, J., Brunton, G., & Kaufman, K. (2019). Perinatal or neonatal mortality among women who intend at the onset of labour to give birth at home compared to women of low obstetrical risk who intend to give birth in hospital: a systematic review and meta–analyses. EClinicalMedicine, 14, 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.07.005
Kondirolli, F., & Sunder, N. (2022). Mental health effects of education. Health Economics, 2, 22–39. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.4565
Lane, A., Keville, R., Morris, M., Kinsella, A., Turner, M., & Barry, S. (1997). Postnatal depression and elation among mothers and their partners: prevalence and predictors. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 171(6), 550–555. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.171.6.550
Lorant, V., Deliège, D., Eaton, W., Robert, A., Philippot, P., & Ansseau, M. (2003). Socioeconomic inequalities in depression: a meta–analysis. American journal of epidemiology, 157(2), 98–112. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwf182
Lozupone, M., D'Urso, F., Copetti, M., Sardone, R., Arcuti, S., Castellana, F., … Panza, F. (2022). The diagnostic accuracy of late–life depression is influenced by subjective memory complaints and educational level in an older population in Southern Italy. Psychiatry Research, 308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114346
MacKinnon, A. L., Yang, L., Feeley, N., Gold, I., Hayton, B., & Zelkowitz, P. (2017). Birth setting, labour experience, and postpartum psychological distress. Midwifery, 50, 110–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2017.03.023
Martinez-Vazques, S., Rodriguez-Almagro, J., Hernandez-Martinez, A., & Martinez-Galiano, J. M. (2021). Factors Associated with Postpartum Post–Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Following Obstetric Violence: A Cross–Sectional Study. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(5), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11050338
Matsumura, K., Hamazaki, K., Tsuchida, A., Kasamatsu, H., & Inadera, H. (2019). Education level and risk of postpartum depression: results from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS). BMC psychiatry, 19(1), 1–11.
McDonald, A., Thompson, A. J., Perzow, S. E. D, Joos, C., & Wadsworth, M. E. (2020). The protective roles of ethnic identity, social support, and coping on depression in low–income parents: A test of the adaptation to poverty–related stress model. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 88(6), 504–515. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000477
Orovou, E., Dagla, M., Iatrakis, G., Lykeridou, A., Tzavara, C., & Antoniou, E., (2020). Correlation between kind of cesarean section and posttraumatic stress disorder in greek women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051592
Oyetunji, A., & Chandra, P. (2020). Postpartum stress and infant outcome: A review of current literature. Psychiatry Research, 284, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112769
Pawluski, J. L., Lonstein, J. S., & Fleming, A. S. (2017). The Neurobiology of Postpartum Anxiety and Depression. Trends in Neurosciences, 40(2), 106–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.11.009
Perry, D. F., Ettinger, A. K., Mendelson, T., & Huynh–Nhu, L. (2011). Prenatal depression predicts postpartum maternal attachment in low–income Latina mothers with infants. Infant Behavior and Development, 34(2), 339–350, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2011.02.005
Reitsma, A., Simioni, J., Brunton, G., Kaufman, K., & Hutton, E. K. (2020). Maternal outcomes and birth interventions among women who begin labour intending to give birth at home compared to women of low obstetrical risk who intend to give birth in hospital: a systematic review and meta–analyses. EClinicalMedicine, 21, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100319
Rijnders, M., Baston, H., Schönbeck, Y., van der Pal, K., Prins, M., Green, J., & Buitendijk, S. (2008). Perinatal factors related to negative or positive recall of birth experience in women 3 years postpartum in the Netherlands. Birth (Berkeley, Calif.), 35(2), 107–116. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523–536X.2008.00223.x
Rokicki, S., McGovern, M., Von Jaglinsky, A., & Reichman, N. E. (2022). Depression in the Postpartum Year and Life Course Economic Trajectories. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 62(2), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2021.08.011
Romero, G., Huth–Bocks, A., Puro–Gallagher E., & Riggs, J. (2021). Maternal prenatal depression, PTSD, and problematic parenting: the mediating role of maternal perceptions of infant emotion. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 39(2), 125–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2020.1754371
Satyanarayana, V. A, Chandra, P. S, & Vaddiparti, K. (2015) Mental health consequences of violence against women and girls. CurrOpin Psychiatry, 28(5), 350–356. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000182
Segre, L. S., O’Hara, M. W., Arndt, S., & Stuart, S. (2007). The prevalence of postpartum depression. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 42(4), 316–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127–007–0168–1
Shi, P., Ren, H., Lic, H., & Dai, Q. (2018). Maternal depression and suicide at immediate prenatal and early postpartum periods and psychosocial risk factors. Psychiatry Research, 261, 298–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.085
Shin, S. H., Jiskrova, G. K., Kimbrough, T., Dina, K. T., Lee, E. O., & Ayers, C. E. (2020). Maternal adverse childhood experiences and postpartum depressive symptoms in young, low-income women. Psychiatry Research, 296, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113679
Shiva, L., Desai, G., Satyanarayana, V. A., Venkataram, P., & Chandra, P. S. (2021). Negative Childbirth Experience and Post–traumatic Stress Disorder – A Study Among Postpartum Women in South India. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.640014
Shorey, S., Chee, C. Y. I, Ng, E. D., Chan, Y. H., Tam, W. W. S., & Chong, Y. S. (2018). Prevalence and incidence of postpartum depression among healthy mothers: A systematic review and meta–analysis. Journal of Psychiatry Research, 104, 235–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.08.001
Silva, C. S, Lima, M. C, Sequeira–de–Andrade, L. A. S, Oliveira, J. S, Monteiro, J. S, Lima, N. M. S, … Lira, P. I. C. (2017). Association between postpartum depression and the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in the first three months of life. The Journal of Pediatrics, 93(4), 356–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2016.08.005
Simpson, M., & Catling, C. (2016). Understanding psychological traumatic birth experiences: A literature review. Women and Birth, 29(3), 203–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2015.10.009
Slomian, J., Honvo, G., Emonts, P., Reginster, J. Y., & Bruyère, O. (2019). Consequences of maternal postpartum depression: A systematic review of maternal and infant outcomes. Women’s Health, 15, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745506519844044
Temkina, A., Litvina, D., & Novkunskaya, A. (2021). Emotional styles in Russian maternity hospitals: juggling between khamstvo and smiling. Emotions and Society, 3(1), 95–113. https://doi.org/10.1332/263169021X16143466495272
Thomas, J. L., & Schetter, C. D. (2022). Postpartum depression and adjustment. Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91497-0.00080-1
Turkmen, H., Yalniz Dilcen, H., & Akin, B. (2020). The Effect of Labor Comfort on Traumatic Childbirth Perception, Post–Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med, 15(12), 779–788. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2020.0138
Ulfsdottir, H., Nissen, E., Ryding, E. L, Lund-Egloff, D., & Wiberg-Itzel, E. (2014). The association between labour variables and primiparous women's experience of childbirth; a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 14, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471–2393–14–208
van Heumen, M. A., Hollander, M. H., van Pampus, M. G., van Dillen, J., & Stramrood, C. A. I. (2018). Psychosocial Predictors of Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Women With a Traumatic Childbirth Experience. Front Psychiatry, 9, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00348
Vigod, S. N., Tarasoff, L. A., Bryja, B., Dennis, C. L., Yudin, M. H., & Ross, L. E. (2013). Relation between place of residence and postpartum depression. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association journal, 185(13), 1129–1135. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.122028
Wadsworth, M. E., Raviv, T., Santiago, C. D., & Etter, E. M. (2011). Testing the adaptation to poverty–related stress model: predicting psychopathology symptoms in families facing economic hardship. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 40(4), 646–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2011.581622
Yakupova, V. (2018). The Impact of Psychological and Physiological Conditions of Motherhood on Postnatal Depression. Russian Journal of Psychology, 15(1), 8–23. https://doi.org/10.21702/rpj.2018.1.1
Yakupova, V., & Liutsko, L. (2021). Perinatal Depression, Birth Experience, Marital Satisfaction and Childcare Sharing: A Study in Russian Mothers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116086
Yakupova, V., & Suarez, A. (2022). Postpartum PTSD and birth experience in Russian–speaking women. Midwifery, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2022.103385
Yakupova, V., Suarez, A., & Kharchenko, A. (2022). Birth Experience, Postpartum PTSD and Depression before and during the Pandemic of COVID–19 in Russia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010335
Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., & Vasilenko, S. A. (2022). The longitudinal relationships among poverty, material hardship, and maternal depression in the USA: a latent growth mediation model. Archives of Women's Mental Health, 25(4), 763–770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-022-01238-4
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.
Copyright (c) 2023 Вера А. Якупова, Анна Д. Суарэз, Любовь А. Шрайбман