Abstract
The paper brings forward new mechanisms of the determination inuence of the decision-making processes on the characteristics of the process and result of professional activity. The authors demonstrated two main types of this inuence: direct and indirect.
They also introduced and described a fundamentally new phenomenon of eliminating behavior of the subject in decision-making situations. According to the classication of the main forms of eliminative behavior they fall into three main groups: adequate, inadequate, and situational-relative. The paper interprets two new functions of decisionmaking
processes in the organization of activity: structure-forming and generative. The essence of the structure-forming function is that decision-making processes with anegative subjective valence determine the preference of activity strategies that minimize their functional role in the organization of activity. The essence of the generative
function consists in the formation of the repertoire of reproductive ways of overcoming uncertainty, thus improving the reliability of the whole activity and minimizing subjective expenditures for its implementation. The authors formulated a new methodological approach to studying decision-making processes. Instead of the traditional methodology of decision theory, which studies
these processes directly, the new approach considers them indirectly. These processes are mediated by activity. It is necessary to interpret and study them as operating means which are formed and implemented “in” and “for” activity, as its natural and essential
operational means. Hence, they nd their concrete-system being, true and unchanged by “research procedures” form, and extensive content only in activity. This approach corresponds to the fact which in the system methodology is considered as the change of prisms of vision (from “object-focused” to “system-focused”). The authors conclude that the essence of the phenomenon of eliminative behavior
consists in the purposeful minimization of the presence of decision-making processes in the structure of activity, as well as in improving its reliability.
References
Zavalishina D. N. Psikhologicheskii analiz operativnogo myshleniia. [Psychological analysis of operational thinking]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1985. 219 p.
Zarakovskii G. M. Psikhofiziologicheskii analiz trudovoi deiatel’nosti [Psychophysiological analysis of labour activities]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1966. 114 p.
Zinchenko V. P., Gordon V. M. Metodologicheskie problemy psikhologicheskogo analiza deiatel’nosti [Methodological problems of the psychological analysis of activities]. Sistemnye issledovaniia – System Research, 1975, Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1976, pp. 82–127.
Karpov A. V. Metasistemnaia organizatsiia urovnevykh struktur psikhiki [Metasystem organization of level structures of psyche]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2004. 602 p.
Karpov A. V. Metodologicheskie osnovy psikhologii priniatiia resheniia [Methodological bases of the psychology of decision making]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2000. 230 p.
Karpov A. V. Obshchaia psikhologiia sub”ektivnogo vybora: struktura, protsess, genezis [The general psychology of a subjective choice: structure, process, and genesis]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2000. 358 p.
Karpov A. V. Psikhologiia deiatel’nosti. T. 2. Strukturnaia organizatsiia [Activity psychology. Vol. 2. The structural organization]. Moscow, Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2015. 411 p.
Karpov A. V. Psikhologiia refleksivnykh mekhanizmov deiatel’nosti [The psychology of reflexive mechanisms of activities]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2004. 450 p.
Karpov A. V. Refleksivnaia determinatsiia deiatel’nosti i lichnosti [Reflexive determination of activity and personality]. Moscow, Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2012. 494 p.
Kozeletskii Iu. Psikhologicheskaia teoriia reshenii [Psychological decision theory]. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1979. 504 p.
Kuz’min V. P. Printsip sistemnosti v teorii i metodologii K. Marksa [The principle of consistency in the theory and methodology of K. Marx]. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1984. 464 p.
Konopkin O. A. Psikhologicheskie mekhanizmy reguliatsii deiatel’nosti [Psychological mechanisms of activity regulation]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1980, 256 p.
Leont’ev A. N. Deiatel’nost’. Soznanie. Lichnost’. [Activity. Consciousness. Personality]. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1975. 410 p.
Lomov B. F. Psikhicheskaia reguliatsiia deiatel’nosti [Psychic activity regulation]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2006. 622 p.
Normativnye i deskriptivnye modeli priniatiia resheniia [Normative and descriptive models of decision-making]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1984. 410 p.
Oshanin D. A. Kontseptsiia operativnosti otrazheniia v inzhenernoi i obshchei psikhologii [The concept of efficiency of reflection in engineering and general psychology]. Inzhenernaia psikhologiia: teoriia, metodologiia, praktika – Engineering Psychology: Theory, Methodology, Practice, Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1977, pp. 134–149.
Psikhologicheskie osnovy professional’noi deiatel’nosti [Psychological bases of professional activity]. Moscow, Per Se Publ., 2007. 854 p.
Rubinshtein S. L. Problemy obshchei psikhologii [Problems of general psychology]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1984. 410 p.
Shadrikov V. D. Psikhologiia deiatel’nosti cheloveka [The psychology of human activity]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Science Publ., 2013. 419 p.
Hacker D. J. Metacognition: Definitions And Empirical Foundation // The University оf Memphis // URL: http:// www. рsyc. Memphis. еdu/trg/meta. htm
Kahneman D., Slovic P., Tversky A. Judgment under uncertainty. Cambridge, CVP, 1982, 555 p.
Simon H. A. Administrative behavior. N. Y., 1947, 236 p.