Исследование психологических и генетических различий у представителей разных этносов Юга России
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Ключевые слова

агрессивность
директивность
личностные особенности
этносы
полиморфизм Val158Met
ген COMT
«Hand-test» Э. Вагнера
личностная тревожность
эргичность
пластичность

Аннотация

Введение. В работе приводятся результаты исследования психологических различий в проявлении агрессивных установок и личностных особенностей, а также генетических различий по полиморфизму Val158Met гена COMT у представителей различных этносов, проживающих на Юге России. Новизна исследования состоит в том, что впервые были получены результаты оценки выраженности агрессивных установок и личностных особенностей у здоровых носителей разных генотипов гена COMT с учетом этнической принадлежности, впервые получены нормативные показатели по шкалам «Hand-test» Э. Вагнера для южнороссийской выборки.

Методы. В работе использовались: шкала тревоги Спилбергера – Ханина, опросник формально-динамических свойств индивидуальности В. М. Русалова, «Hand-test» Э. Вагнера в адаптации Т. Н. Курбатовой. Генетический анализ: выделение ДНК из клеток буккального эпителия, полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР). В психологическом исследовании приняли участие 163 человека (студенты, средний возраст 18,9 лет), в психогенетическом исследовании – 76 респондентов – жителей Крыма (57 женщин и 19 мужчин).

Результаты. Исследование показало наличие достоверно более высокого суммарного показателя агрессивности и директивности у представителей русской и татарской этнических групп с генотипами Met/Met гена COMT, наряду с более высоким уровнем личностной тревожности и низкой моторной эргичностью. Наличие генотипа Val/Val гена COMT у девушек – этнических татарок связано с наличием такой психологической особенности, как демонстративность. Наличие генотипа Val/Met гена COMT у девушек – этнических русских связано с проявлением у них таких личностных особенностей, как напряжение (тревога) и «психопатология», оцениваемая как суммарный показатель «степени личностной дезадаптации» и «тенденции к уходу от реальности».

Обсуждение результатов. Полученные результаты могут найти применение в разработке направлений индивидуализации социально-педагогических воздействий на обладателей генотипов, ассоциированных в разных этнических группах с дезадаптивными личностными характеристиками.

https://doi.org/10.21702/rpj.2018.4.9
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