Аннотация
В статье представлено научно-теоретическое изучение этнических особенностей создания психологической безопасности образовательной среды в условиях постконфликтного региона. Рассматриваются последствия двух военных кампаний, приведшие к разрушению системы образования Чеченской Республики, а также показатели восстановления, возрождения и развития в целом системы современного образования в постконфликтном регионе. В данном регионе первоначальную значимость имели восстановление инфраструктуры объектов образования и создание условий для обеспечения общедоступного и бесплатного образования.
Также сложным моментом представляется двуязычие, приводящее к языковому барьеру, препятствующему полноценному обеспечению образовательного процесса на всех уровнях образования. Само двуязычие дает возможность обучающимся развиваться на когнитивном уровне, но в данном случае образовательный процесс возможно построить только на русском языке, т. к. учебные программы, методическая литература разработаны только на нем (кроме двух предметов – чеченского языка и чеченской литературы), а дети послевоенного периода, из-за высокого оттока русскоязычного населения, на низком уровне владеют русским языком. В данной ситуации важно организовать полноценное освоение двух языков (чеченского и русского) для снятия языковых препятствий в условиях коммуникативного взаимодействия во время образовательного процесса. Помимо этого основным проблемным моментом является проявление агрессивного поведения у школьников, которое отражается на личностном уровне развития школьников.
Все эти сложности привели к снижению уровня безопасности в образовательной системе Чеченской Республики. Кроме этого имеется потребность в повышении профессионального уровня педагогического общества в рамках учета этнических особенностей, требований федеральных государственных стандартов и последствий кризисных и чрезвычайных ситуаций. На основании изученного материала предлагаются приоритетные параметры образовательной системы, которые могут быть использованы для повышения уровня психологической безопасности в образовательной среде.Библиографические ссылки
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Kholueva K. A., Mukharlyamova A. Yu. Psikhologicheskayabezopasnost' obrazovatel'noisredy [The psychological safety of the educational environment]. Kontsept. Spetsvypusk – Concept. Special issue, 2013, no. 01, pp. 3–4.
Yusupov M. M. Sotsiokul'turnayaidentifikatsiya v regionekonflikta [Socio-cultural identification in a conflict region]. Grozny, 2010.
Adesope O. O., Lavin T., Thompson T., Ungerleider C. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Cognitive Correlates of Bilingualism.Review of Educational Research, 2010, V. 80, 2, pp. 207–245.
Janoff-Bulman R. Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: Application of schema construct.Social Cognition, 1989, V. 7.
Janoff-Bulman R., Berger A. The other side of trauma: Towards a psychology of appreciation.Loss and Trauma: General and Close Relationship Perspectives. J. H. Harvey, E. D. Miller (Eds.). Philadelphia, 2000.
Morrow V., Mayall B. What is Wrong with Children's Well-being in the UK? Questions of Meaning and Measurement.Journal of Social Welfare & Family Law, 2009, no. 31 (3).
Ryff C., Singer B. Know Thyself and Become What You Are: A Eudaimonic Approach to Psychological Well-Being.Journal of Happiness Studies, 2008, no. 9 (1).
Shek D. After-school Time and Perceived Parental Control Processes, Parent-adolescent Relational Qualities, and Psychological Well-being in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong.Family Therapy, 2007, no. 34 (2).
Astvatsaturova M. A. SevernyiKavkaz: perspektivyiriski (transformatsiyaregional'nogoetnopoliticheskogoprostranstva [The North Caucasus: prospects and risks (the transformation of the regional ethno-political space)]. Moscow, 2011.
Bulueva Sh. I., Masaeva Z. V., Ekhaeva R. M. Formirovanieetnopedagogicheskoikul'turybudushchikhpedagogov v protsesseobucheniya [The formation of ethnopedagogical culture of future teachers in the learning process]. Mir nauki, kul'tury, obrazovaniya – The World of Science, Culture, and Education, 2016, no. 2 (57), pp. 242–245.
Lipina S. A. Chechenskayarespublika: ekonomicheskiipotentsialistrategicheskoerazvitie [The Chechen Republic: economic potential and strategic development]. Moscow, 2007.
Masaeva Z. V. Razvitiepsikhologicheskikhvozmozhnostei v obrazovatel'nomprostranstvepostkonfliktnogoregiona [The development of psychological resources in the educational space of the post-conflict region]. Severo-Kavkazskiipsikhologicheskiivestnik– North-Caucasian Psychological Bulletin, 2010, no. 8/2, pp. 33–37.
Masaeva Z. V., Abakumova I. V., Kagermazova L. Ts. Psikhologo-pedagogicheskayakompetentnost' roditeleikakfaktorobespecheniyapsikhologicheskoibezopasnosti [The psychological-pedagogical competence of parents as a factor of psychological safety]. “Naukaiobrazovanie v zhiznisovremennogoobshchestva” SborniknauchnykhtrudovpomaterialamMezhdunarodnoinauchno-prakticheskoikonferentsii [Proc. the International Scientific-Practical Conference “Science and education in modern society”]. Tambov, 2014, pp. 93–94.
Masaeva Z. V., Abakumova I. V., Kagermazova L. Ts. Vzaimodeistviepedagogoviroditeleidlyasozdaniyabezopasnogoprostranstva v obrazovatel'noisrede [The interaction of teachers and parents for creating the safe space in the educational environment]. SborniknauchnykhtrudovpomaterialamMezhdunarodnoinauchno-prakticheskoikonferentsii «Teoreticheskieiprikladnyevoprosynaukiiobrazovaniya» [Proc. the International Scientific-Practical Conference “Theoretical and applied problems of science and education”]. Tambov, KonsaltingovayakompaniyaYukom Publ., 2015, pp. 65–66.
Masaeva Z. V., Azhiev M. V. Psikhologicheskoesoprovozhdeniebezopasnostiobrazovatel'noisistemy v sovremennykhusloviyakh [Psychological support of the safety of the education system in modern conditions]. SborniknauchnykhtrudovpomaterialamMezhdunarodnoinauchno-prakticheskoikonferentsii “Naukaiobrazovanie v zhiznisovremennogoobshchestva” [Proc. the International Scientific-Practical Conference “Science and education in modern society”]. Tambov, 2014, pp. 94–95.
Masaeva Z. V., Kagermazova L. Ts. Vzaimosvyaz' psikhologicheskoibezopasnostiinatsional'nogoobrazovaniya [The relationship between psychological safety and national education]. Pedagogicheskoemasterstvoipedagogicheskietekhnologii– Pedagogical Skills and Pedagogical Technology, Cheboksary, Interaktivplyus Publ., 2016, no. 2 (8), pp. 32–34.
Masaeva Z. V., Kagermazova L. Ts. Problemavzaimosvyaziyazykaimezhkul'turnoikommunikatsii: Sbornikstatei “Razvitiesovremennoinauki: teoreticheskieiprikladnyeaspekty” [The relationship between language and intercultural communication: the Development of modern science (theoretical and applied aspects)]. Perm, 2016, pp. 117–118.
Masaeva Z. V., Ekhaeva R. M. Problemabilingvizmai ego vliyanienarazvitielichnosti v sovremennom mire [The problem of bilingualism and its influence on the development of personality in the modern world]. Problemysovremennoinauki– Problems of Modern Science, 2013, no. 9, pp. 91–96.
Muskhanova I. V. K voprosutransformatsiietnopsikhologiichechentsev v sovremennom mire [On the issue of the transformation of the ethnopsychology of the Chechens in the modern world]. MaterialypyatoiVserossiiskoinauchno-prakticheskoikonferentsii “Prakticheskayaetnopsikhologiya: aktual'nyeproblemyiperspektivyrazvitiya” [Proc the 5th All-Russian Scientific-Practical Conference “Practical ethnopsychology: urgent problems and prospects of development”]. Moscow, 2015.
Merzlyakova D. R. Osnovypsikhologiibezopasnosti [Fundamentals of the psychology of safety]. Izhevsk, Udmurt State University Publ., 2012.
Kholueva K. A., Mukharlyamova A. Yu. Psikhologicheskayabezopasnost' obrazovatel'noisredy [The psychological safety of the educational environment]. Kontsept. Spetsvypusk – Concept. Special issue, 2013, no. 01, pp. 3–4.
Yusupov M. M. Sotsiokul'turnayaidentifikatsiya v regionekonflikta [Socio-cultural identification in a conflict region]. Grozny, 2010.
Adesope O. O., Lavin T., Thompson T., Ungerleider C. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Cognitive Correlates of Bilingualism.Review of Educational Research, 2010, V. 80, 2, pp. 207–245.
Janoff-Bulman R. Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: Application of schema construct.Social Cognition, 1989, V. 7.
Janoff-Bulman R., Berger A. The other side of trauma: Towards a psychology of appreciation.Loss and Trauma: General and Close Relationship Perspectives. J. H. Harvey, E. D. Miller (Eds.). Philadelphia, 2000.
Morrow V., Mayall B. What is Wrong with Children's Well-being in the UK? Questions of Meaning and Measurement.Journal of Social Welfare & Family Law, 2009, no. 31 (3).
Ryff C., Singer B. Know Thyself and Become What You Are: A Eudaimonic Approach to Psychological Well-Being.Journal of Happiness Studies, 2008, no. 9 (1).
Shek D. After-school Time and Perceived Parental Control Processes, Parent-adolescent Relational Qualities, and Psychological Well-being in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong.Family Therapy, 2007, no. 34 (2).