Аннотация
Введение. Целью данной работы было изучение согласованности оценок музыкальных способностей детей педагогами с развитием их регуляторных функций. Кроме того, в рамках исследования проводилась первичная апробация опросника для оценки музыкальных способностей детей. Новизна исследования заключается, во-первых, в разработке и использовании нового инструмента для оценки музыкальных способностей детей, основанного на концепции Б. М. Теплова, а во-вторых, в демонстрации того, что не только музыкальные занятия влияют на показатели развития регуляторных функций детей, но и некоторые из регуляторных функций также вносят вклад в музыкальные способности детей. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 61 ребенок, в возрасте 5–6 лет, которые несколько раз в неделю дополнительно занимаются музыкой в детских школах искусств г. Москвы и г. Краснодара. В ходе диагностики с детьми проводилось несколько встреч, в рамках которых изучались такие показатели регуляторных функций, как когнитивная гибкость, рабочая память и торможение. В оценке уровня развития их музыкальных способностей приняли участие 50 преподавателей, которые заполняли специально разработанную анкету для выявления уровня развития следующих параметров музыкальных способностей детей: звуковысотный слух, чувство ритма, ладовое чувство и эмоциональная отзывчивость. Результаты. В результате было получено наличие положительной взаимосвязи между зрительной рабочей памятью и оценкой звуковысотного слуха у детей, занимающихся музыкой. Кроме того, в результате проведенного регрессионного анализа было показано, что показатель зрительной рабочей памяти детей вносит вклад в оценку таких параметров музыкальных способностей, как звуковысотный слух (R2 = 0,241, p = 0,008) и эмоциональная отзывчивость (R2 = 0,149, p = 0,043). Обсуждение результатов. Таким образом, проведенное исследование демонстрирует взаимосвязь музыкальных способностей и регуляторных функций детей, и вклад регуляторных функций в оценку музыкальных способностей детей, что обосновывает ценность систематических музыкальных занятий в дошкольном возрасте.
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