Abstract
Introduction. Value orientation of today’s youth is a key problematic aspect of socio-cultural cognition. This paper concentrates on characteristics of value orientations of today’s young people, and how they impact prosocial behavior in this age group.
Theoretical Basis. There is a lack of conceptual and systematic understanding of value orientations and their association with young people’s value and meaning sphere. This study represents a first attempt to determine ontogenetic changes in each component of the psychological construct and social development of today’s generation of young people.
Results and Discussion. An analytical literary overview provides a background for the main value orientations of youth and their development trends. The fact that traditional values, including family, health, and love still remain main social trends for female youths, represents a gender characteristic of values of young generation. Meanwhile, male youths strive for self-realization. A high level of remuneration remains the main work motivation among young people; they are also interested in the compliance of work with their interests. This paper generalizes and systematizes the results of current studies on age-related characteristics of associations among prosociality and other intrapsychic systems, including volitional regulation, intelligence indicators, and social responsibility. The factors of youth deprivation (egoistic motivation and distortions in the attributive system of trust in the world) influence the age genesis of prosociality. Initiative and intelligence determine prosocial tendencies in adolescence, late adolescence, and early adulthood. The programs for stimulating prosociality should be focused on a mature prosociality. This idea provides conceptual frameworks for objective criteria for the expediency of prosocial forms of behavior, reflexive subjectivity, and personal pleasure from actions for the benefit of another person.
References
Bryant, B. K., & Crockenberg, S. B. (1980). Correlates and dimensions of prosocial behavior: A study of female siblings with their mothers. Child Development, 51(2), 529–544. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1129288
Chernov, A. Yu. (2008). Qualitative approach in psychological research. Volgograd: VolSU. (in Russ.).
Clarke, D. (2003). Pro-social and anti-social behaviour. London; New York: Routledge.
Crime indicators in Russia (n.d.). General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation: Portal of legal statistics. Retrieved from: http://crimestat.ru/offenses_chart (in Russ.).
Dekker, P., & Halman, L. (Eds.). (2003). The values of volunteering: Cross-cultural perspectives. New York: Springer Science + Business Media.
Dezhevoi, A. V. (2018). Characteristics of the worldview of the 20 century youth. Nauchnyi aspekt (Scientific Aspect), 1–1, 141–143. (in Russ.).
Drachuk, N. A. (2018). Characteristics of social well-being of young people in a city. Ekonomika i obshchestvo (Economy and Society), 1, 111–120. (in Russ.).
Efremov, I. S., & Akhmadeeva, E. V. (2018). Characteristics of psychological associations between students’ meaning-in-life orientations and their subjective feeling of happiness. Territoriya innovatsii (Territory of Innovations), 1, 61–67. (in Russ.).
Feldstein, D. I. (1994). Personal development of growing individuals in the context of the socio-economic crisis. Moscow: Nauka. (in Russ.).
Gentzler, A. L., Palmer, C. A., Ford, B. Q., Moran, K. M., & Mauss, I. B. (2019). Valuing happiness in youth: Associations with depressive symptoms and well-being. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 62, 220–230. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2019.03.001
Gorodentsev, G. A., & Sheudzhen, H. A. (2015). Youth extremism in modern Russian society: Factors of genesis and features of manifestation. Obshchestvo i pravo (Society and Law), 3, 22–25. (in Russ.).
Istomina, A. G., & Oberemko, O. A. (2015). Legitimation of the protest participation of volunteers. Monitoring obshchestvennogo mneniya: Ekonomicheskie i sotsial'nye peremeny (Opinion Monitoring: Economic and Social Change), 6, 32–47. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14515/monitoring.2015.6.03 (in Russ.).
Ivanov, P. A. (2015). Attitude towards prosocial behavior as the content of moral education. Sotsiologiya (Sociology), 1, 176–182. (in Russ.).
Khomutnikova, E. A., & Kirsanova, A. Yu. (2018). Features of self-appraisal of student youth. Alleya nauki (Alley of Science), 3(3), 617–619. (in Russ.).
Kukhtova, N. V. (2004). The phenomenon of prosocial behavior in psychological science: Several approaches to the study of prosocial behavior. Belorusskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal (Belarusian Psychological Journal), 1, 60–65. (in Russ.).
Kychkin, P. P., & Davydova, V. Ya. (2018). Personality traits of students interested in the informal culture. Kazanskii sotsial'no-gumanitarnyi vestnik (Kazan Social and Humanitarian Bulletin), 3, 45–48. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.24153/2079-5912-2018-9-3-45-48 (in Russ.).
Lazutko, K. O., & Makhin, S. A. (2016). Gender and age characteristics of associations among personal empathy, altruism, and egoism. Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo federal'nogo universiteta imeni V. I. Vernadskogo. Sotsiologiya. Pedagogika. Psikhologiya (Scientific Notes of Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Sociology. Pedagogy. Psychology), 2(4), 105–113. (in Russ.).
Lu, Sh. (2020). Family migration and youth psychosocial development: An ecological perspective. Children and Youth Services Review, 113, 911–953. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104953
Lyubtsova, A. V., & Serykh, A. B. (2019). Personal determinants of prosocial and asocial behavior of young people. Sankt-Peterburgskii universitetskii konsortsium (St. Petersburg University Consortium), 9, 71–75. (in Russ.).
Magomedova, N. G. (2018). Ethnopedagogical characteristics of youth intercultural communication. Izvestiya Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta (Bulletin of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University), 6, 58–62. (in Russ.).
Matveeva, N. S. (2018). Features of the conflict potential among today’s student youth. Ustoichivoe razvitie nauki i obrazovaniya (Sustainable Development of Science and Education), 7, 197–201. (in Russ.).
Mironova, V. A., Semenova, E. A., & Khaleeva, A. S. (2018). Deviant behavior of young people due to the use of psychoactive substances and the development of the sexual profile. Tsentral'nyi nauchnyi vestnik (Central Science Bulletin), 3(11), 18–22. (in Russ.).
Molchanova, N. V. (2013). Prosocial behavior as a condition for effective intercultural interaction. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Akmeologiya obrazovaniya. Psikhologiya razvitiya (Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Acmeology of Education. Developmental Psychology), 2(1), 3–7. (in Russ.).
Polivaeva, N. P., & Belenikin, R. O. (2016). Russian youth as a subject of civil society. Vlast' (Power), 24(3), 83–87. (in Russ.).
Popova, O. V. (2017). Political consciousness of today’s Russian youth. Politicheskaya nauka (Political Science), 1, 138–162. (in Russ.).
Rhodewalt, F., & Peterson, B. (2008). The Self and social behavior: The fragile Self and interpersonal self-regulation. In F. Rhodewalt (Ed.), Personality and Social Behavior (pp. 49–78). New York: Psychology Press.
Ribeiro da Silva, D., Rijo, D., & Salekin, R. T. (2020). Psychopathic traits in children and youth: The state-of-the-art after 30 years of research. Aggression and Violent Behavior. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2020.101454
Rubtsov, V. V., Koul, M., Verch, Dzh., Asmolov, A. G., El'konin, B. D., Lektorskii, V. A., … Guruzhapov, V. A. (2018). The creative potential of culture and human development (roundtable of the methodological seminar supervised by V. V. Rubtsov and B. D. Elkonin). Kul'turno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya (Cultural-Historical Psychology), 14(4), 41–51. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2018140406 (in Russ.).
Salyadinova, E. E. (2018). Psychological features of young people’ value orientations under social deprivation. Forum molodykh uchenykh (Forum of Young Scientists), 5–3, 110–116. (in Russ.).
Schwartz, Sh. H., Verkasalo, M., Antonovsky, A., & Sagiv, L. (1997). Value priorities and social desirability: Much substance, some style. British Journal of Social Psychology, 36(1), 3–18. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1997.tb01115.x
Scott, M. L., & Cnaan, R. A. (2020). Youth and religion in an age of global citizenship identification: An 18-country study of youth. Children and Youth Services Review, 110. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104754
Sorokin, O. V. (2019). Features of Russian young people’s behavior in the context of changing social reality. Nauchnyi rezul'tat. Sotsiologiya i upravlenie (Research Result. Sociology and Management), 5(4), 80–90. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18413/2408-9338-2019-5-4-0-7 (in Russ.).
Sventsitskii, A. L., & Kazantseva, T. V. (2015). Everyday prosocial behavior as the accumulation of social capital. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Seriya 12. Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya. Pedagogika (Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Series 12. Psychology. Sociology. Pedagogy), 2, 45–55. (in Russ.).
Uvarova, V. I., & Fedoseeva, M. A. (2015). Volunteering as a form of youth self-organization: Issues and approaches. Uchenye zapiski Orlovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnye i sotsial'nye nauki (Scientific notes of Orel State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences), 1, 91–96. (in Russ.).
Vasil'ev, N. G., Fisenko, A. A., & Uzhegova, A. V. (2016). Sociological analysis of the perception of extremism and terrorism among youth. In Actual problems of countering extremism and terrorism among the youth (pp. 18–21). Izhevsk: Bon Antsa. (in Russ.).
Vlasova, N. V. (2018). Psychological characteristics of prevention of addictive behavior among modern youth. Mir obrazovaniya – obrazovanie v mire (World of Education – Education in the World), 1, 178–185. (in Russ.).
Vygotsky, L. S. (2016). Developmental psychology: Selected works. Moscow: Yurait. (in Russ.).
Wong, M., Y. H., Khiatani, P. V., & Chui, W. H. (2019). Understanding youth activism and radicalism: Chinese values and socialization. The Social Science Journal, 56(2), 255–267. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2018.08.006
Zhokhova, N. N. (2016). Aspects of transformation of the human psyche in the space of electronic culture. Sovremennaya nauka: Aktual'nye problemy teorii i praktiki. Seriya Poznanie (Modern Science: Actual Problems of Theory and Practice: Cognition Series), 7–8, 37–43. (in Russ.).