Abstract
Introduction. This paper presents the study of psychophysiological correlates of the performance of verbal tasks in situations initiating personal meanings. For the first time in psychophysiological research the authors employed meaning tasks as a tool for modeling the meaning-building process. The authors suggest that certain patterns of the electrical activity of the brain may be associated with the performance of verbal tasks in situations initiating personal meanings.
Methods. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to test the hypothesis offered by the authors. The EEG activity was recorded from 128 leads using a multi-channel electroencephalograph (Neurovisor-136, Medical Computer Systems, LTD, Russia). The study sample comprised 52 individual participants – boys and girls aged 18 to 25 years. The participants were asked to interactively perform two types of tasks, namely (a) emotionally neutral logical tasks (control) and (b) verbal tasks that modeled situations of personal meaning initiation (test).
Results. Brain activity patterns of the performance of simple mental tasks were significantly different from the frequency and spatial characteristics of the bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex during the performance of verbal tasks in situations initiating personal meanings (p < 0.05). In addition to these differences, the results indicate that there were sex differences in the EEG frequency and spatial characteristics (p < 0.05).
Discussion. The increase in functional activity in frontal and central brain regions and the increase in high-frequency rhythms in the temporal-parietal-occipital area of the left hemisphere may be associated with an increase in cognitive and affective loads during the performance of verbal tasks in situations initiating personal meanings. It seems that meaning-building is realized by means of multimodal synthesis and is associated with verbal and non-verbal long-term memory.
References
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Ermakov P. N., Abakumova I. V. Formirovanie ideologicheskikh ustanovok i mirovozzrencheskikh tsennostei lichnosti v kontekste teorii smysla i smysloobrazovaniya [Formation of ideological attitudes and worldview values of individuals in the context of the theory of meaning and meaning-building]. Ot istokov k sovremennosti. 130 let organizatsii psikhologicheskogo obshchestva pri Moskovskom universitete: sbornik materialov yubileinoi konferentsii v 5 tomakh [Proc. the anniversary conference “From the beginning to the present: 130 years of the organization of the psychological society at Moscow University: in 5 volumes”]. Moscow, Kogito-Tsentr Publ., 2015, pp. 274–277.
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Vygotskii L. S. Myshlenie i rech' [Thinking and speech]. Moscow, Labirint Publ., 1999. 352 p.
Babaeva Yu. D., Berezanskaya N. B., Vasil'ev I. A., Voiskunskii A. E., Kornilova T. V. Meaning theory of thinking. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14: Psikhologiya – The Moscow University Herald. Series 14: Psychology, 2008, no. 2. Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/smyslovaya-teoriya-myshleniya (Accessed 13 February 2018).
Ivanitskii A. M., Il'yuchenok I. R. Mapping of brain biopotentials during solution of verbal tasks. Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti – Journal of Higher Nervous Activity, 1992, V. 42, no. 4, pp. 627–635 (in Russian).
Pulvermūller F., Keil A., Elbert T. Hight-frequency brain activity: perception or active memory? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 1999, V. 3, Issue 7, pp. 250–252. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1364-6613(99)01344-3
von Stein A., Rappelsberger P., Sarnthein J., Petsche H. Synchronization between temporal and parietal cortex during multimodal object processing in man. Cerebral Cortex, 1999, V. 9, no. 2, pp. 137–150.
Vorobyeva E. V., Kharitonova I. Yu. Genotype-environmental determinants of the power of EEG rhythmic components in verbal-associative activity. Novye issledovaniya – New Studies, 2010, no. 2 (23), pp. 5–16 (in Russian).
Popova T. V., Koryukalov Y. I., Kourova O. G. Some of the brain mechanisms of the state of induced relaxation. Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2014, V. 2, Issue 2, pp. 8–13. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.abb.20140202.11
Milz P., Faber P. L., Lehmann D. et al. The functional significance of EEG microstates. Associations with modalities of thinking. NeuroImage, 2016, V. 125, pp. 643–656. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.023
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Tarasova I. V., Razumnikova O. M., Vol'f N. V. Relationship between changes in the EEG power and instructions stimulating creative thinking in men and women. Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti – Journal of Higher Nervous Activity, 2006, V. 56, no. 2, pp. 611–617 (in Russian).
Dikaya L. A., Shivareva S. Yu. Brain organization of functional associations in persons engaged in scientific and literary professional activity during the performance of verbal creative tasks. Severo-Kavkazskii psikhologicheskii vestnik – North-Caucasian Psychological Bulletin, 2011, no. 9/1, pp. 18–21 (in Russian).
Ermakov P. N., Skirtach I. A., Kovsh E. M. Features of frequency-spatial organization of the cerebral cortex among musicians during the creation of improvisation based on stimulus materials with aggressive and peaceful characters. Rossiiskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal – Russian Psychological Journal, 2015, V. 12, no. 4, pp. 127–136 (in Russian). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21702/rpj.2015.4.10
Grossman M., Smith E. E., Koening P. et al. The neural basis for categorization in semantic memory. NeuroImage, 2002, V. 17, pp. 1549–1561.
Jensen O., Kaiser J., Lachaux J.-P. Human gamma frequency oscillations associated with attention and memory. Trends in Neurosciences, 2007, V. 30, Issue 7, pp. 317–324. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2007.05.001
Zaichenko A. A., Kartavenko M. V. Features of rhythmic activity of the brain during the actualization of modal-specific types of memory. Izvestiya YuFU. Tekhnicheskie nauki – Izvestiya SFedU. Engineering Sciences, 2010, no. 10 (111), pp. 167–174 (in Russian).
Reed J. L., Gallagher N. M., Sullivan M., Callicott J. H., Green A. E. Sex differences in verbal working memory performance emerge at very high loads of common neuroimaging tasks. Brain and Cognition, 2017, V. 113, pp. 56–64. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2017.01.001
Golovanova I. V., Balin V. D. Psychophysiological correlates of successful and unsuccessful problem solving and its connection with instructions understanding. Vestnik YuUrGU. Seriya: Psikhologiya – Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series: Psychology, 2017, no. 4. Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/psihofiziologicheskie-korrelyaty-uspeshnogo-i-neuspeshnogo-resheniya-myslitelnyh-zadach-i-ih-svyaz-s-ponimaniem-instruktsiy (Accessed 17 July 2018).
Starchenko M. G. Investigation of neurophysiological support of parameters of verbal creativity-fluency, flexibility, and originality. Message 2: Data of positron emission tomography. Dannye pozitronno-emissionnoi tomografii – International Research Journal, 2018, no. 2 (68), pp. 13–15 (in Russian).
Razumnikova O. M. Frequency-spatial organization of human cerebral cortex activity in convergent and divergent thinking depending on sex: Message 1: EEG power analysis. Fiziologiya cheloveka – Human Physiology, 2004, V. 30, no. 6, pp. 17–27 (in Russian).
Bekhtereva N. P., Dan'ko S. G., Starchenko M. G., Shemyakina N. V. Elektroentsefalograficheskie issledovaniya kreativnogo myshleniya kak kognitivno-spetsificheskogo funktsional'nogo sostoyaniya [Electroencephalographic studies of creative thinking as a cognitive-specific functional state]. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii “Tvorchestvo: vzglyad s raznykh storon” [Proc. the International Conference “Creativity: Views from different angles”]. Moscow–Zvenigorod, 2005, pp. 48–54.
Dikaya L. A., Dikii I. S. Tvorcheskii mozg [Creative brain]. Rostov-on-Don, SFU Publ., 2015. 218 p.
Fink A., Benedek M., Koschutnig К., Papousek I., Weiss E. M., Bagga D., Schöpf V. Modulation of resting-state network connectivity by verbal divergent thinking training. Brain and Cognition, 2018, V. 128, pp. 1–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2018.10.008
Kiroi V. N., Ermakov P. N. Elektroentsefalogramma i funktsional'nye sostoyaniya cheloveka [Electroencephalogram and the human functional state]. Rostov-on-Don, Rostov State University Publ., 1998. 264 p.
Kropotov Yu. D. Kolichestvennaya EEG, kognitivnye vyzvannye potentsialy mozga cheloveka i neiroterapiya [Quantitative EEG, cognitive evoked potentials of the human brain and neurotherapy]. Donetsk, Zaslavskii A. Yu. Publ., 2010. 512 p.
Knyazev G. G. EEG delta oscillations as a correlate of basic homeostatic and motivational processes. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2012, V. 36, Issue 1, pp. 677–695. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.10.002
Harmony T. The functional significance of delta oscillations in cognitive processing. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 2013, V. 7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2013.00083
Aftanas L. I., Reva N. V., Varlamov A. A., Pavlov S. V., Makhiev V. P. Analysis of evoked synchronization and desynchronization of EEG at emotional activation in humans: Temporal and topographic characteristics. Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti – Journal of Higher Nervous Activity, 2003, V. 53, no. 4, pp. 485–494 (in Russian).
Razumnikova O. M., Wolf N. V., Tarasova I. V. Motivation impact on the frequency-spatial characteristics of brain cortex during performing creative imaginary and verbal tasks. Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti – Journal of Higher Nervous Activity, 2008, V. 58, no. 5, pp. 540–553 (in Russian).
Danilova N. N., Strabykina E. A. Frequency-selective generators of oscillatory brain activity allow identifying processes of a working memory. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2010, V. 77, Issue 3, p. 208. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.06.011
Danilova N. N., Ushakova T. N., Volkov G. V., Pligina A. M., Strabykina E. A. Displaying semantic categories in brain electrical activity. Eksperimental'naya psikhologiya – Experimental Psychology, 2013, V. 6, no. 4, pp. 5–21 (in Russian).
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