Abstract
The paper considers the inuence of subjects’ individual-typological dierences onphysiological characteristics of responding during a polygraph test. The authors evaluated: 1) the properties of the nervous system (strength, balance, and mobility) using the method of the complex visual-motor reaction; 2) character individual differences using the test of character accentuations (K. Leonhard – G.Shmishek);
3)parameters of vegetative reactions of the subjects (the skin’s electrical activity, upper and lower breathing, cardiovascular activity, and tremor) using a “POLARG-M” professional computer polygraph with “Femida” software. In the study with the use of a polygraph the authors applied the following methods: stimulus-adapting test (SAT),
test of general control questions (TGCQ), and test on knowledge of the perpetrator (TKP). The study involved 30 respondents at the age from 18 to 24. The study showed that the respondents with the highest scores of the strength ofthe nervous system were able to successfully pass the polygraph test. The “anxiety–emotivity” characterological complex inuenced the amplitude of the positive and negative half waves in the channel of the skin’s electrical activity. The study demonstrated the conceptual possibility of the dierentiation of the subjects’ responding caused byanxiety or the signicance of a stimulus; this may help in avoiding false accusations. According to the authors, dierent ways of responding to stress can form individual
forms of physiological reactions. Thus, the concept of individual symptom complex asaunique set of parameters of physiological reactions to subjectively signicant stimuli isthe most important.
References
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Dikiy I. S., Ermakov P. N. Interhemispheric distribution of components of Event-related potentials during false responses // International Journal of Psychology, 2012, V. 47, Supp. 1. Special Issue: XXX International Congress of Psychology, pp. 145–146.
Gronau N., Ben-Shakhar G., and Cohen A. Behavioral and Physiological Measures in the Detection of Concealed Information // Journal of Applied Psychology, 2005, V. 90, no. 1, pp. 147–158.
Vorobyeva E. EEG spectral power during the performance of mental tasks and individual profile asymmetry of twins // International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2012, V. 85, I. 3, P. 424. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.157
Vorobyeva E., Ermakov P. Event-related potentials and achievement motivation (research of twins) // International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2012, V. 85, I. 3, P. 421. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.149
Vorobyeva E. V., Ermakov P. N., Saakyan O. S. The relationships between the achievement motivations and temperaments of psychology students with different lateral organization profiles // Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 2015, V. 8, I. 1, pp. 32–42. doi:10.11621/pir.2015.0104
Varlamov V. A., Varlamov G. V. Komp’iuternaia detektsiia lzhi [Computer lie detection]. Krasnodar, Iligar Publ., 2010. 946 p.
Gonnov R. V., Liashenko V. N. Beskontaktnaia detektsiia lzhi kak vazhnyi instrument sotrudnika politsii [Contactless lie detection as an important tool of the police officer]. Cbornik materialov VIII mezhvuzovskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii “Nauchno-metodicheskie problemy podgotovki instruktorsko-pedagogicheskikh kadrov po boevoi i fizicheskoi podgotovke dlia organov vnutrennikh del” [Proc. the VIII Interuniversity Scientific-Practical Conference “Scientific and methodical problems of training of instructors of combat and physical training for interior bodies”]. Stavropol, 2015, pp. 7–12.
Dikii I. S. The influence of physiological and psychological characteristics of polygraph testing participants on the manifestation of informative signs. The center for special studies and examinations. Available at http://www.psy-expert.ru/publ/16-1-0-47
Dikii I. S. Vozmozhnosti primeneniia poligrafa i novykh al’ternativnykh metodov instrumental’noi detektsii lzhi dlia preduprezhdeniia terroristicheskikh ugroz [Applying a polygraph and new alternative methods of instrumental lie detection for preventing terrorist threats]. Rossiiskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal – Russian Psychological Journal, 2010, V. 7, no. 5–6, pp. 63–67.
Dikii I. S. Psikhofiziologicheskie osobennosti sub”ektov v usloviiakh instrumental’noi detektsii skryvaemoi informatsii. Diss. kand. psikh. nauk [Physiological characteristics of subjects in conditions of the instrumental detection of the hidden information. Cand. psych. sci. diss]. Rostov-on-Don, 2011. 173 p.
Ermakov P. N, Ivanov R. S. Organizatsionno-metodicheskie aspekty sudebno-psikhofiziologicheskoi ekspertizy s primeneniem poligrafa [Organizational and methodological aspects of forensic psycho-physiological examination using a polygraph]. Moscow, 2015.
Zhukov D. A. Stoi, kto vedet? Biologiia povedeniia cheloveka i drugikh zverei [Wait, who’s driving? The biology of behavior of man and other animals. V. 1]. Moscow, 2015. 428 p.
Ivanov R. S. Individual’nyi simptomokompleks kak instrument interpretatsii rezul’tatov psikhofiziologicheskogo issledovaniia s primeneniem poligrafa [Individual symptom complex as a tool for interpreting the results of the psychophysiological study using a polygraph]. Natsional’nyi psikhologicheskii zhurnal – National Psychological Journal, 2014, no. 3 (15), pp. 90–97.
Ivanov R. S. Prigodnost’ psikhofiziologicheskogo sostoianiia cheloveka k primeneniiu poligrafa [The suitability of the person’s psychophysiological state for using a polygraph]. Severo-Kavkazskii psikhologicheskii vestnik – North-Caucasian Psychological Bulletin, 2012, no. 10/1, pp. 9–12.
Il’in E. P. Differentsial’naia psikhofiziologiia [Differential psychophysiology]. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2001. 463 p.
Kuznetsov D. A., Vorob’eva E. V. K voprosu ob ispol’zovanii metoda analiza elektricheskoi aktivnosti mozga v sfere detektsii lzhi [On the problem of using the method of analysis of brain electrical activity in the sphere of lie detection]. Materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchnoi konferentsii “Lichnost’ v sovremennom obshchestve: sotsializatsiia, povedenie, obshchenie” [Proc. the All-Russian Conference “The person in modern society: socialization, behavior, communication”]. Chita, 19–20 April, 2007, pp. 155–158.
Mironova E. E. Sbornik psikhologicheskikh testov. Chast’ I [Psychological tests. Part I]. Minsk, ENVILA Women’s Institute Publ., 2005. 155 p.
Mochagin P. V., Smetanin A. M. Detektsiia lzhi: psikhofiziologicheskoe issledovanie i osnovy informatsionnoi tekhnologii vyiavleniia skryvaemoi informatsii [Lie detection: psychophysiological investigation and fundamentals of the information technology of identifying hidden information]. Vestnik IZhGTU im. M. T. Kalashnikova – Bulletin of Izhevsk State Technical University, 2013, P. 121.
Nasledov A. D. Matematicheskie metody v psikhologii [Mathematical methods in psychology]. St. Petersburg, Rech’ Publ., 2012. 392 p.
Ogloblin S. I., Molchanov A. Iu. Instrumental’naia “detektsiia lzhi” [Instrumental “lie detection”]. Yaroslavl, Niuans Publ., 2004. 464 p.
Rukovodstvo pol’zovatelia UPFT-1/30 “Psikhofiziolog” / Nauchno-proizvodstvenno-konstruktorskaia firma “Medikom MTD” [A user guide to the device for psychophisiological testing: DPT-1/30 “Physiologist”. Medicom MTD, scientific and production engineering firm]. Taganrog, 2005.
Soshnikov A. P., Fedorenko V. N., Molchanov A. Iu. i dr. Metodika po provedeniiu psikhofiziologicheskikh issledovanii s ispol’zovaniem poligrafa v kadrovoi rabote, operativno-rozysknoi deiatel’nosti i ugolovnom proizvodstve [The technique for psychophysiological research using a polygraph in personnel work, operatively-search activity, and criminal proceedings]. Moscow, 2008. 90 p.
Kholodnyi Iu. I. Opros s ispol’zovaniem poligrafa i ego estestvennonauchnye osnovy [A survey using a polygraph and its scientific basis]. Vestnik kriminalistiki – Bulletin of Criminology, 2005, no. 1 (13), pp. 39–48.
Cherkasova E. S. Profailing kak metod sozdaniia psikhologicheskogo portreta potentsial’nogo prestupnika na etape organizatsii predvaritel’nogo rassledovaniia [Profiling as a method of creating a potential criminal’s psychological portrait at the stage of preliminary investigation]. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Bulletin of Novosibirsk State University, 2013, pp. 72–73.
Barland G. H., Raskin D. C. Detection of Deception. In Electrodermal Activity in Psychological Research. N. Y., Academic Press, 1973.
Dikiy I. S., Dikaya L. A., Ermakov P. N. Amplitude and latency of components of event related potentials as indicators of false responses in participants with different modes of thinking // International journal of psychophysiology, 2012, V. 85, Issue 3, P. 378. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.041
Dikiy I. S., Ermakov P. N. Interhemispheric distribution of components of Event-related potentials during false responses // International Journal of Psychology, 2012, V. 47, Supp. 1. Special Issue: XXX International Congress of Psychology, pp. 145–146.
Gronau N., Ben-Shakhar G., and Cohen A. Behavioral and Physiological Measures in the Detection of Concealed Information // Journal of Applied Psychology, 2005, V. 90, no. 1, pp. 147–158.
Vorobyeva E. EEG spectral power during the performance of mental tasks and individual profile asymmetry of twins // International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2012, V. 85, I. 3, P. 424. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.157
Vorobyeva E., Ermakov P. Event-related potentials and achievement motivation (research of twins) // International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2012, V. 85, I. 3, P. 421. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.149
Vorobyeva E. V., Ermakov P. N., Saakyan O. S. The relationships between the achievement motivations and temperaments of psychology students with different lateral organization profiles // Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 2015, V. 8, I. 1, pp. 32–42. doi:10.11621/pir.2015.0104