Ключевые слова
colour perception
chromatic discrimination
COVID-19
post-COVID syndrome
Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test
Type III acquired colour vision deficiency
Аннотация
Introduction. Post-COVID-19, various ophthalmological symptoms and visual impairments have been reported. We hypothesised that colour vision may be affected too. Methods. We assessed colour discrimination using the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test (FM-100) in individuals who have had COVID-19 (N = 77; 18–68 years). Results. Total error score (TES) indicated superior colour discrimination in 34 observers. The Vingrys–King-Smith C-index (severity) exceeded the normal cut-off measure in 44 observers. In participants (N = 35) with average TES, the Vingrys–King-Smith analysis revealed subtle colour deficiencies – either a mild tritan defect (‘blue’ or blue-yellow) or moderate defect with a diffuse error pattern. A minor sub-sample manifested poor discrimination (N = 6) or colour vision loss (N = 2), with a tritan or diffuse error pattern. √TES negatively correlated with the post-illness period. In partial error score (√PES), B–Y errors prevailed, regardless of the elapsed post-illness period. Discussion. Overall, the results indicate that about half of those who have recovered from COVID-19 revealed mild Type III acquired colour discrimination loss, characteristic of retinal disorders and vascular disease. Conceivably, coronavirus infection caused hypoperfusion (reduced vascular supply) at the retinal and/or post-retinal stages of the visual system and affected neural mechanisms of colour discrimination. The mild impairment appears to be reversible with a favourite prognosis.
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