Аннотация
Введение. Проблема субъективного благополучия пожилых людей становится особенно актуальной в условиях демографического старения современного общества. Новизна исследования заключается в углублении представлений о взаимосвязи субъективного благополучия и повседневного творчества в пожилом возрасте. Цель данного исследования – изучение субъективного, когнитивного и гедонистического благополучия в пожилом возрасте во взаимосвязи с самооценками творческого уровня и каждодневной творческой активности. Методы. В добровольном исследовании приняли участие пожилые люди в возрасте от 60 до 90 лет, из них 78 мужчин (N = 202; М = 68,62; SD = 7,46). Для определения самооценок творческой активности и субъективного уровня творчества применяли шкалы самоотчета. Уровень субъективного благополучия измеряли геронтологической шкалой Индекс удовлетворенности жизнью (авторы Neugarten, Havighurst, Tobin, в адаптации Н. Паниной) и Шкалой субъективного счастья (авторы Lyubomirsky, Lepper, адаптация Д. Леонтьева). Для статистического анализа применяли критерии Уилкоксона, Краскела-Уоллиса, t-критерий Уэлча, критерий согласия Пирсона, коэффициент ранговой корреляции Спирмена. Результаты. Выявлены заметные положительные корреляционные связи между уровнем субъективного благополучия, творческой активностью и субъективным уровнем творчества: r от 0,594 до 0,610; p < 0,001. Обнаружены значительные различия в уровне субъективного благополучия между творчески активными и творчески не активными испытуемыми (p < 0,001), а также между испытуемыми, оценившими себя как «не творческих» и как «творческих»: W = 1729; величина эффекта r = 0,654; p < 0,001; 95% ДИ. Обсуждение. Полученные результаты расширяют представления о повседневном творчестве в пожилом возрасте, его взаимосвязи с субъективным, когнитивным и гедонистическим благополучием и могут быть использованы социально-психологическими службами в работе с пожилыми людьми для улучшения их психоэмоционального состояния и коррекции уровня субъективного благополучия.
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