Аннотация
В статье отражены результаты научного исследования представлений о карьерной перспективе старших школьников, находящихся на этапе окончания общеобразовательной школы.
Обосновывается актуальность исследования особенностей планирования карьерной перспективы старшими школьниками.
В работе предложено понимание карьерной перспективы с точки зрения системного подхода. Охарактеризована структура и обозначены компоненты карьерной перспективы старших школьников.
С опорой на базовые положения системного подхода и содержание дефиниции «жизненная перспектива» авторами структурно выделены ведущие компоненты карьерной перспективы – когнитивный, аффективный, мотивационный, ценностный, поведенческий.
В статье представлена модель карьерной перспективы, основным критерием развития/наличия которой выступает степень сформированности ее компонентов. Анализ характера представлений респондентов о карьерной перспективе позволил теоретически выделить 4 базовых типа карьерной перспективы: полностью сформированная, частично сформированная, недостаточно сформированная, несформированная карьерная перспектива.
Представлен анализ результатов эмпирического исследования, позволивший качественно и количественно описать особенности компонентов карьерной перспективы старших школьников, находящихся на этапе окончания общеобразовательной школы. Так, было доказано, что продолжительность индивидуального планирования карьерной перспективы школьниками выражается в трех этапах: этапе ближней карьерной перспективы (составляет от 3 месяцев до полугода), этапе средней карьерной перспективы (составляет от 3 до 5 лет) и этапе дальней карьерной перспективы (составляет от 5 до 10 лет).
По результатам исследования, в группе старшеклассников были выделены ведущие факторы карьерной перспективы: «конкретные жизненные ценности», «социальная активность к достижению статуса», «альтруизм», «потребность в коммуникации»./Библиографические ссылки
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Tolstykh N. N. Zhiznennyeplanypodrostkoviyunoshei [Life plans of teenagers and adolescents]. Voprosypsikhologii – Approaches to Psychology, 1984, no. 3, pp. 79–86.
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Cottle T. J., Klineberg S. L. The Present of Things Future: Exploration of Time in Human Experience. N. Y., 1974.
Little B. R. Personal projects: A rationale and method for investigations.Environment and Behavior, 1983, no. 15 (3), pp. 237–309.
Markus H., Fryberg S. On Being American Indian: Current and Possible Selves.Self and Identity, 2003, no. 2, pp. 325–344.
Nuttin J., Lens W. Future Time Perspective and Motivations: Theory and Research Method. N. J., 1985.
Zaleski Z. Personal Future in Hope and Anxiety Perspective.Psychology of Future Orientation. Z. Zaleski (Ed.). Lublin, 1994.
Zimbardo P. G. &Boniwell I. Balancing One’s Time Perspective in Pursuit of Optimal Functioning.Positive Psychology in Practice. Hoboken, NJ, Wiley, 2004.
Zimbardo P. G., Boyd J. N. Putting Time in Perspective: A Valid, Reliable, Individual-Differences Metric.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999, 77, no. 6, pp. 1271–1288.
Belanovskaya O. V. Vremennayaperspektivazhiznennykhplanov v yunoshestve: Problemysotsial'noipsikhologiilichnosti [Time perspective of life plans in adolescence: Problems of the social psychology of personality]. Saratov, Saratov University Publ., 2004, V. 1, pp. 78–88.
Bubnova I. S. K probleme professional'nogo samoopredeleniya vospitannikovdetskikhdomov [On the issue of professional self-determination in inmates of a children’s home]. Trudy vserossiiskoinauchnoikonferentsiistudentov, aspirantovimolodykhuchenykh “Naukaimolodezh': problemy, poiski, resheniya” [Proc. the All-Russian Scientific Conference of Students, Postgraduates and Young Scientists “Science and youth: problems, search, and decisions]. Novokuznetsk, 2014, pp. 29–31.
Vasil'ev V. Ya. Tselevayanapravlennost' ivremennayaperspektivalichnosti: Psikhologiyalichnostiivremyazhiznicheloveka [Goal orientation and time perspective of the person: Personality psychology and the life time of the person]. Chernivtsi, 1991.
Ginzburg M. R. Psikhologicheskoe soderzhanie lichnostnogo samoopredeleniya [The psychological content of personal self-determination]. Voprosypsikhologii – Approaches to Psychology, 1994, no. 3, pp. 43–52.
Golovakha E. I. Zhiznennyeperspektivyitsennostnyeorientatsiilichnosti: Psikhologiyalichnosti v trudakhotechestvennykhpsikhologov [Life prospects and value guidelines personality: Personality psychology in works of Russian psychologists]. St. Petersburg, 2001.
Golovakha E. I., Kronik A. A. Psikhologicheskoevremyalichnosti [The psychological time of personality]. Moscow, Smysl Publ., 2008.
Gurova O. S., Seredina T. S. Osobennostisemeinykhperspektivyunoshei [Features of family prospects in young men]. VestnikTomskogogosudarstvennogopedagogicheskogouniversiteta– Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin, 2011, no. 6 (108), pp. 147–150.
Demidova I. F., Kurilova A. V. Predstavleniyastudentov o kar'ernykhperspektivakh [Students’ representations of career prospects]. VestnikTaganrogskogoinstitutaupravleniyaiekonomiki.Nauchno-teoreticheskiiiinformatsionno-metodicheskiizhurnal – Bulletin of Taganrog Institute of Management and Economics. Theoretical and Information-Methodological Journal, 2014, no. 1 (19), pp. 109–111.
Demina L. D., Ral'nikova I. A. Funktsional'nyevzaimosvyazisotsial'nogoiemotsional'nogointellekta: kontekstsamoorganizatsiizhiznennykhperspektivlichnosti [Functional relationship between social and emotional intelligence: the context of self-organization of life prospects of the person]. Sib. psikhol. zh. – Siberian Psychological Journal, 2010, no. 38, pp. 60–62.
Dzhaner'yan S. T. Professional'nayaYa-kontseptsiya: sistemnyianaliz [Professional self-concept: a system analysis]. Rostov-on-Don, Rostov University Publ., 2004. 480 p.
Kulagina I. Yu.,Kolyutskii V. N. Vozrastnayapsikhologiya: Polnyizhiznennyitsiklrazvitiyacheloveka[Age psychology: the full life cycle of human development]. Mosocw, Sfera Publ., 2001.
Leont'ev D. A. K tipologiizhiznennykhmirov [The typology of life worlds]. 2-ya Vserossiiskayanauchno-prakticheskayakonferentsiyapoekzistentsial'noipsikhologii: Materialysoobshchenii[Proc. the 2nd All-Russian Scientific-Practical Conference on Existential Psychology: Reports]. Moscow, Smysl Publ., 2004, pp. 114–116.
Lovpache F. G. Zhiznennyeperspektivykakosnovnoipokazatel' lichnostnogorazvitiya v yunosheskomvozraste [Life prospects as the basic characteristic of personal development adolescence]. VestnikAdygeiskogogosudarstvennogouniversiteta.Seriya 3: Pedagogikaipsikhologiya – Bulletin of Adyghe State University. Series 3: Pedagogy and Psychology, 2011, no. 3, pp. 40–45.
Mandrikova E. Yu. Sovremennyepodkhody k izucheniyuvremennoiperspektivylichnosti [Modern approaches to the study of the time perspective of personality]. Psikhologicheskiizhurnal– Psychological Journal, 2008, V. 29, no. 4.
Markova A. K. Psikhologiyaprofessionalizma [The psychology of professionalism]. Moscow, Znanie Publ., 1996.
Pryazhnikova E. Yu.,Pryazhnikov N. S. Proforientatsiya [Vocational guidance]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2005. 496 p.
Ral'nikova I. A. Perestroika sistemyzhiznennykhperspektivchelovekanaetapeperelomnykhsobytii: monografiya [The reorientation of life prospects of the person at the stage of critical events]. Barnaul, Altai State University Publ., 2012.
Serenkova V. F. Lichnostnayaorganizatsiyavremenikaksredstvorealizatsiizhiznennykhplanov: Primeneniekontseptsii S. L. Rubinshteina v razrabotkevoprosovobshcheipsikhologii [Personal time management as a means of realizing life plans: Applying the concept of S. L. Rubinstein in the development of general psychology]. Moscow, 1989.
Syrtsova A. Adaptatsiyaoprosnikavremennoiperspektivylichnosti F. Zimbardo [The adaptation of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory]. Psikhologicheskiizhurnal– Psychological Journal, 2008, V. 29, pp. S. 101–109.
Tolstykh N. N. Zhiznennyeplanypodrostkoviyunoshei [Life plans of teenagers and adolescents]. Voprosypsikhologii – Approaches to Psychology, 1984, no. 3, pp. 79–86.
Trubnikova N. I. Vremennayaperspektivakakvazhneishiikomponentzhiznennogosamoopredeleniya [Time perspective as the important component of self-determination]. Mir nauki, kul'tury, obrazovaniya– The World of Science, Culture, and Education, 2010, no. 5.
Trubnikova N. I. Smyslozhiznennye orientatsii kak vazhneishii komponent zhiznennogosamoopredeleniya [Life-sense orientations as the important component of self-determination]. Mir nauki, kul'tury, obrazovaniya– The World of Science, Culture, and Education, 2011, no. 2.
Shcherbakova E. L. Zhiznennaya perspektiva ilichnostnoesamoopredeleniekakkomponentyproforientirovaniya [Life prospects and personal self-determination as component of professional orientation]. VestnikChelyabinskogogosudarstvennogopedagogicheskogouniversiteta– Bulletin of Chelyabinsk State Pedagogical University, 2010, no. 6, pp. 216–224.
Cottle T. J., Klineberg S. L. The Present of Things Future: Exploration of Time in Human Experience. N. Y., 1974.
Little B. R. Personal projects: A rationale and method for investigations.Environment and Behavior, 1983, no. 15 (3), pp. 237–309.
Markus H., Fryberg S. On Being American Indian: Current and Possible Selves.Self and Identity, 2003, no. 2, pp. 325–344.
Nuttin J., Lens W. Future Time Perspective and Motivations: Theory and Research Method. N. J., 1985.
Zaleski Z. Personal Future in Hope and Anxiety Perspective.Psychology of Future Orientation. Z. Zaleski (Ed.). Lublin, 1994.
Zimbardo P. G. &Boniwell I. Balancing One’s Time Perspective in Pursuit of Optimal Functioning.Positive Psychology in Practice. Hoboken, NJ, Wiley, 2004.
Zimbardo P. G., Boyd J. N. Putting Time in Perspective: A Valid, Reliable, Individual-Differences Metric.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999, 77, no. 6, pp. 1271–1288.