Abstract
Introduction. The authors substantiate the necessity and relevance of studying the features of self-concept and the meaning-forming motives for intellectual labour. The novelty of this study is that a comparative analysis of the particularities of self-concept and the meaning-forming motives of the Australian and Russian specialists of intellectual labour is carried out for the first time.
Methods. The study is based on the survey of 30 Australian and 40 Russian professionals in various fields of intellectual labour, whose average age was 34 years and 36 years old respectively. Psychological testing and content analysis of respondents’ self-descriptions were used as primary methods of research. The questionnaire with open-ended items created by the authors, entitled “Meaning-Forming Motives of Labour Activity – Money”, has been used for data collection. Parametric and nonparametric statistical procedures were carried out in analyses.
Results and Discussion. This section describes the features of cognitive and emotional-evaluative components of self-concept, work-related meaning-forming motives of Australian and Russian professionals in the field of intellectual labour, both men and women. The leading categories in self-descriptions of the respondents are dependent on their nationality and gender. The following features of self-concept were revealed in the study: Australian men describe themselves through their look, Australian women – through their hobbies and friendships, Russian women – through their society status and social environment. The obtained results can be used in the development of a general management system and of training programs for professionals in the field of intellectual labour.
References
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Ozhegova L. N., Lupenko N. N. Gender and professional self-assessment in men at the first stage of professional development. Obshhestvo: sociologiya, psixologiya, pedagogika – Society: Sociology, Psychology, Pedagogics, 2016, no. 7, pp. 22–24 (in Russian).
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Djaneryan S. T. The structure of professional self-conception types. Rossiiskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal – Russian Psychological Journal, 2005, V. 2, no. 3, pp. 78–92 (in Russian).
Kokurina I. G. Metodika “Slovar’” [The Technique of “Dictionary”]. Psihologija obshhenija: Jenciklopedicheskij slovar’ [Communication Psychology: Dictionary]. A. A. Bodalev (ed.). Moscow Publ., 2011, p. 478.
Sidorenkov A. V., Shipitko O. Yu., Ulyanova N. Yu., Obukhova Y. V. Types of Interpersonal Contradictions and Conflicts in Work Groups. The Social Sciences, 2016, V. 11, Issue 29, pp. 6999–7010. Available at: http://medwelljournals.com/abstract/?doi=sscience.2016.6999.7010 (Accessed 30 June 2018).
Adams J. S. Towads and understanding of inequity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 1963, V. 67 (5), pp. 422–436.
Vroom V. H. Work and motivation. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Inc., 1995. 397 p.
Locke E. A. & Latham G. P. Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: a 35-year odyssey. American Psychologist, 2002, V. 57 (9), pp. 705–717.
Ouchi W. G. Theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese challenge. Addision‐Wesley, Reading, M.A., 1981. 283 p.
Maslow A. Motivation and Personality. N.Y.: Harper & Row, 1970. 395 p.
Hartung P. J., Marco C. D. Refinement and Further Validation of the Decisional Process Inventory. Journal of Career Assessment, 1998, V. 6, Issue 2, pp. 147–162. DOI: 10.1177/106907279800600203
Dries N., Pepermans R. “Real” high-potential careers. An empirical study into the perspectives of organizations and high potentials. Personnel Review, 2008, V. 37, Issue 1, pp. 85–108. DOI: 10.1108/00483480810839987
Duffy R. D. Sense of Control and Career Adaptability Among Undergraduate Students. Journal of Career Assessment, 2010, V. 18, Issue 4, pp. 420–430. DOI: 10.1177/1069072710374587
Prokhorova M. V. Sense-making Work Motives of Women and Men. Izvestiya Saratovskogo universiteta. Novaya seriya. Seriya: Filosofiya. Psixologiya. Pedagogika – Izvestiya Saratov University (N. S.), Ser. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy, 2017, V. 17, Issue 3, pp. 314–318 (in Russian). DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2017-17-3-314-318
Makota E. M. Peculiarities of the modern manager the motivation to work Mir nauki, kul`tury`, obrazovaniya – The world of science, culture and education, 2012, no. 4 (35), pp. 245–249 (in Russian).
Musina V. P. Experimental study of the problem of diagnostics of professional motivation of managers of a commercial organization. Ucheny’e zapiski Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo instituta psixologii i social’noj raboty – Scientific notes of the St. Petersburg state Institute of psychology and social work, 2011, V. 16, no. 2, pp. 75–81 (in Russian).
Khodosevich A. S. Gender differences in professional standing of personality of the stuff in service industry. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta – Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin, 2010, no. 4 (94), pp. 146–148 (in Russian).
Maliborskaya I. L. Gender characteristics of motivation at different stages of employment. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo texnicheskogo universiteta – Bulletin of Voronezh State Technical University, 2012, V. 8, no. 10 (2), pp. 178‒180 (in Russian).
Clearfield S. M. Professional Self-image of the Social Worker: Implications for Social Work Education. Journal of Education for Social Work, 1977, V. 13, Issue 1, pp. 23–30. DOI: 10.1080/00220612.1977.10671409
Amania-Kepuladze T. Gender stereotypes and gender feature of job motivation: Differences or similarity? Problems and Perspectives in Management, 2010, V. 8, Issue 2, pp. 84–93.
Obukhova Yu. V., Obukhova S. G. Features of physicians’ self-concept in connection with the sense-creating motives of their professional activity. Rossiiskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal – Russian Psychological Journal, 2016, V. 13, no. 2, pp. 88–101 (in Russian).
Guo B., Zhao L., Gao Y., Peng X., Zhu Y. The status of professional identity and professional self-efficacy of nursing students in China and how the medical documentaries affect them: A quasi-randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 2017, V. 4, Issue 2, pp. 152–157. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.03.006
Kooij D. T. A. M., De Lange A. H., Jansen P. G. W., Kanfer R., Dikkers J. S. E. Age and work-related motives: Results of a meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2011, V. 32, Issue 2, pp. 197–225. DOI: 10.1002/job.665
Horwitz F. M., Heng C. T., Quazi H. A. Finders, keepers? Attracting, motivating and retaining knowledge workers. Human Resource Management Journal, 2003, V. 13, Issue 4, pp. 23–44. DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-8583.2003.tb00103.x
Horwitz F. M., Albert R. The Horwitz ratio (HorRat): A useful index of method performance with respect to precision. Journal of AOAC International, 2006, V. 89, no. 4, pp. 1095–1099.
Kubo I., Saka A. An inquiry into the motivations of knowledge workers in the Japanese financial industry. Journal of Knowledge Management, 2002, V. 6, Issue. 3, pp. 262–271. DOI: 10.1108/13673270210434368
Deputatova L. N. Sistema motivacii intellektual’nogo truda rabotnikov (na primere promy’shlenny’x predpriyatij Permskogo kraya) [System of motivation of intellectual work of workers (on the example of industrial enterprises of Perm region]. Diss. Cand. Sci. (Psych.). Perm, 2014. 183 p.
Leonard N. H., Beauvais L. L., & Scholl R. W. Work Motivation: The Incorporation of Self-Concept-Based Processes. Human Relations, 1999, V. 52, Issue 8, pp. 969–998. DOI: 10.1023/A:1016927507008
Judge T. A., Bono J. E., Erez A., & Locke E. A. Core self-evaluations and job and life satisfaction: The role of self-concordance and goal attainment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2005, V. 90, pp. 257–268.
Hallowell E. M. Overloaded circuits: why smart people underperform. Harward Business Review, 2005, V. 83, pp. 54–62.
Rose T. M., & Manley K. Motivation toward financial incentive goals on construction projects. Journal of Business Research, 2010, V. 64, no. 7, pp. 765–773.
Atchison T. A. Exposing the myths of employee satisfaction. Healthcare Executive, 2003, V. 17 (3), pp. 19–20.
Schmid B., & Adams J. Motivation in project management: the project manager’s perspective. Project Management Journal, 2008, V. 39, no. 2, pp. 60–71.
Hertel G., Niedner S., & Hermann S. Motivation of software developers in open source projects: An internet-based survey of contributors to the Linux kernel. Research Policy, 2003, V. 32, pp. 1159–1177.
Sharp H. N., Baddoo S., Beecham T., Hall T. & Robinson H. Models of motivation in software engineering, Information and software technology. Information and Software Technology, 2009, V. 51, no. 1, pp. 219–233.
Seiler S., Lent B., Pinkowska M., & Pinazza M. An Integrated Model of Factors Influencing Project Managers’ Motivation-Findings from a Swiss Survey. International Journal of Project Management, 2011, V. 30 (1), pp. 60–72.
Dwivedula R., & Bredillet C. The relationship between organizational and professional commitment in the case of project workers: Implications for project management. Academy of Business Research Journal, 2010, V. 41, no. 4, pp. 79–88.
Rose J. A. Motivating Attorneys to Accomplish Objectives. Management Consultants to Law Offices, 2017. Available at: http://www.joelarose.com/articles/motivating_attorneys.html (Accessed 30 June 2018).
Lupenko N. N. The relationship of gender and professional images I and the problem of self-actualization of the personality of the head. Izvestiya Possijskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A. I. Gercena – Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Science, 2008, no. 73–2, pp. 108–112 (in Russian).
Ozhegova L. N., Lupenko N. N. Gender and professional self-assessment in men at the first stage of professional development. Obshhestvo: sociologiya, psixologiya, pedagogika – Society: Sociology, Psychology, Pedagogics, 2016, no. 7, pp. 22–24 (in Russian).
Belova E. V. Professional'nye predstavleniya lichnosti kak uslovie ee uspeshnogo professional'nogo stanovleniya [Professional representations of the personality as a condition of its successful professional formation]. Professional'nye predstavleniya: sbornik nauchnykh trudov Internet-konferentsii “Znachenie predstavlenii v obrazovanii i professional'nom stanovlenii lichnosti” [Professional representations: collection of scientific works of the Internet conference “Value of representations in education and professional formation of the personality”]. No. 6. E. I. Rogov (ed.). Rostov-on-Don, MARCH, 2014. pp. 24–33.
Djaneryan S. T. The structure of professional self-conception types. Rossiiskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal – Russian Psychological Journal, 2005, V. 2, no. 3, pp. 78–92 (in Russian).
Kokurina I. G. Metodika “Slovar’” [The Technique of “Dictionary”]. Psihologija obshhenija: Jenciklopedicheskij slovar’ [Communication Psychology: Dictionary]. A. A. Bodalev (ed.). Moscow Publ., 2011, p. 478.
Sidorenkov A. V., Shipitko O. Yu., Ulyanova N. Yu., Obukhova Y. V. Types of Interpersonal Contradictions and Conflicts in Work Groups. The Social Sciences, 2016, V. 11, Issue 29, pp. 6999–7010. Available at: http://medwelljournals.com/abstract/?doi=sscience.2016.6999.7010 (Accessed 30 June 2018).