Abstract
Introduction. The problematics of subjective well-being is determined by a modern individual’s search for success and happiness, and also the goals of a practicing psychologist’s professional activity. The paper presents a brief overview of modern approaches to studying values in psychology and philosophy. From the viewpoint of V. S. Stepin’s post-nonclassical type of scientific rationality, values influence not only an individual, society, and culture, but also knowledge itself. A. Längle’s existential approach defines the feeling of value as something that is vital for an individual. S. Schwartz’s theory of basic values presents values as a circular motivational continuum. According to S. Schwartz, the structural system of values and value orientations is many-sided, multidimensional, and heterogeneous; this system consists of multiple classification models and types.
The study introduces the modelled correlation constellations that reflect the association between value orientations and parameters of subjective well-being. The novelty of the research lies in finding and concretizing differences in value orientations in students with high and low levels of subjective wellbeing.
Methods. The study involved 193 respondents. The study employed the contrasting groups method. Schwartz’s theory of basic values became the basis for the empirical study.
Results. This study (a) investigated the association among value orientations, meanings, and meaningful spheres of life and (b) analyzed correlation constellations of significant associations of values in groups of students with high and low levels of subjective well-being.
Discussion. The differences in the association between values and meanings in the groups of individuals with different levels of subjective well-being are interpreted. Significant positive associations are more numerous in the group of individuals with a high level of subjective well-being. This testifies to a higher level of the consistency of value and meaning sphere, the ability to systematize life plans and scenarios.
References
Brose A., Lindenberger U., Schmiedek F. Affective states contribute to trait reports of affective well-being. Emotion, 2013, V. 13 (5), pp. 940–948. DOI: 10.1037/a0032401
Schwartz S., Caprara G. V., Scabini E., Steca P. I valori nell’Italia contemporanea. Milan, Franco Angeli, 2011.
Bhullar N., Hine D. W., Phillips W. J. Profiles of psychological well-being in a sample of Australian university students. International Journal of Psychology, 2014, V. 49, Issue 4, pp. 288–294. DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12022
Chernyavskaya V., Bolenkova E. Psychological problems faced by teachers with regard to the unified state exam in the context of an optimistic attributional style. The Social Sciences, 2016, V. 11, Issue 29, pp. 6910–6912. URL: http://medwelljournals.com/abstract/?doi=sscience.2016.6910.6912
Bocharova E. E., Tarasova L. E. Subjective well-being and social activity of the individual in various socio-cultural conditions. Sovremennye issledovaniia sotsialʹnykh problem – Modern Research of Social Problems, 2012, no. 8 (16) (in Russian).
Pogorskaja V. A. On the issue of students’ value orientations and subjective well-being. Scientific and Methodological Electronic Journal “Koncept”, 2016, V. 1, pp. 36–40. Available at: http://e-koncept.ru/2016/56008.htm
Shamionov P. M. The psychology of people’s subjective well-being. Mir psihologii – The World of Psychology, 2012, no. 2, pp. 143–148 (in Russian).
Shamionov R. M. Group values and attitudes as predictors for psychological well-being in Russians and Kazakhs. Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya, 2014, V. 7, no. 35, p. 12. Available at: http://psystudy.ru/index.php/num/2014v7n35/999-shamionov35.html
Jaremchuk S. V. Subjective well-being as a component of the value and meaning sphere of the person. Psihologicheskij zhurnal – Psychological Journal, 2013, no. 5, pp. 85–95 (in Russian).
Kahneman D. Thinking, fast and slow. NY, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2011. 512 p.
Znakov V. V. Values as a problem of the psychology of human being. In: Cennostnye osnovanija psihologicheskoj nauki i psihologija cennostej [Value grounds for psychological science and the psychology of values]. Moscow, RAS Institute of Psychology Publ., 2008. 344 p.
Längle A. Person. The existential and analytic personality theory (Russ. ed.: Ljengle A. Person. Jekzistencial'no-analiticheskaja teorija lichnosti. Moscow, Genezis Publ., 2009. 70 p.).
Puz'ko V. I., Chernjavskaja V. S. Psychological well-being and coping strategies in senior schoolchildren. Mir nauki, kul'tury, obrazovanija – The World of Science, Culture, and Education, 2017, no. 1 (62), pp. 269–272 (in Russian).
Afanasenko I. V. Leading values and their association with internality in adolescence and adulthood. Rossijskij psihologicheskij zhurnal – Russian Psychological Journal, 2016, V. 13, no. 2, pp. 124–131 (in Russian). DOI: 10.21702/rpj.2016.2.10
Bogomaz S. A. Differences in the structure of values, meanings and personal traits of the three cities of Siberia. In: Cennostnye osnovanija psihologicheskoj nauki i psihologija cennostej [Value grounds for psychological science and the psychology of values]. Moscow, RAS Institute of Psychology Publ., 2008. 344 p.
Jaremchuk S. V. Subjective well-being as a component of the person’s value and meaning sphere. Psihologicheskij zhurnal – Psychological Journal, 2013, no. 5, pp. 85–95 (in Russian).
Rickert G. Science of nature and the science of culture. In: Kul'turologija. XX vek: Antologija [Culturology. 20th century: anthology]. Moscow, Jurist Publ., 1995, pp. 69–104.
Stepina V. S., Gusejnova A. A., Semigina G. Ju. Novaja filosofskaja jenciklopedija [New encyclopedia of philosophy]. Moscow, Mysl' Publ., 2010, V. 2, pp. 455–456.
Stepin V. S. Filosofija i metodologija nauki [Philosophy and methodology of science]. Moscow, Akademicheskij Proekt, Alma Mater Publ., 2015. 716 p.
Stjopin V. S. Globalization and the dialogue of cultures: The problem of values. Vek globalizacii – Age of Globalization, 2011, no. 2, pp. 8–17 (in Russian).
Längle A., Ukolova E. M., Shumskij V. B. Sovremennyj jekzistencial'nyj analiz: istorija, teorija, praktika, issledovanija [Modern existential analysis: History, theory, practice, and research]. Moscow, Logos Publ., 2014. 556 p.
Schwartz S. Cultural value orientations: The nature and consequences of national differences. Psychology. Journal of Higher School of Economics, 2008, no. 2. Available at: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/kulturnye-tsennostnye-orientatsii-priroda-i-sledstviya-natsionalnyh-razlichiy (Accessed 18 January 2017).
Schwartz S. H., Bilsky W. Toward a universal psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1987, V. 53, Issue 3, pp. 550–562. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.53.3.550
Schwartz S. H. Value orientations: Measurement, antecedents and consequences across nations. In: R. Jowell, C. Roberts, R. Fitzgerald & G. Eva Measuring attitudes cross-nationally – lessons from the European Social Survey. London, Sage Publ., 2006.
Schwartz S. H., Bilsky W. Toward a universal psychological structure of human values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1987, V. 53, Issue 3, pp. 550–562. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.53.3.550
Klages H. Wertedynamik – über die Wandelbarkeit des Selbstverständlichen. Zurich, Edition Infterform, 1988. 171 p.
Rokeach M. The nature of human values. NY, Free Press, 1973. 438 p.
Tam K.-P., Lee S.-L. What values do parents want to socialize in their children? The role of perceived normative values. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2010, V. 41, no. 2, pp. 175–181.
Jurevich A. V. Value ground for psychological science. In: Cennostnye osnovanija psihologicheskoj nauki i psihologija cennostej [Value grounds for psychological science and the psychology of values]. Moscow, RAS Institute of Psychology Publ., 2008. 344 p.
Sokolova M. V. Shkala sub"ektivnogo blagopoluchija [Subjective well-being scale]. Yaroslavl, NPC Psihodiagnostika Publ., 1996. 42 p.