Abstract
Introduction. The combination of oncopathology and coronavirus infection significantly increases the risk of developing mental maladaptation. Currently, insufficient research has been conducted on the relationship of social factors with the psychological characteristics of cancer patients during the coronavirus pandemic. On this basis, this study examined the relationship between marital status and educational level with the characteristics of the personal, value-semantic sphere, quality of life, intensity of stress coping strategies, as well as the severity of psychopathological symptoms in cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "NMIC of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Rostov-on-Don), 112 cancer patients aged 18 to 62 years took part in it (the average age was 42 years, 36% of them were men), 49% had a diagnosis in the field of oncogynecology, 17% – in in the field of oncomammology, 20% – in the field of oncourology, 14% had lymphomas. The following psychodiagnostics tools were used: the SCL-90-R questionnaire, the R. Lazarus coping test, 5PFQ, the "Test of meaning-life orientations" by D.A. Leontiev, the M. Rokich "Value Orientations", the WHO–100 scale. For statistical processing of the obtained results, one-factor ANOVA analysis of variance was used, as well as a posteriori Tukey's analysis for nonequilibrium sample sizes. Results. Widowhood reduces the resource potential of the individual; it is associated with a low level of meaningfulness of life and a greater severity of psychopathological symptoms in cancer patients; the level of education is associated with the intensity of pain experience, as well as with the intensity of stress coping strategies. Discussion. The results obtained complement existing data on the impact of marital status and educational level on the psychological characteristics of patients with life-threatening diseases. The results of the study can be used to develop programs for psychological support of patients, taking into account their psychosocial characteristics.
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