Аннотация
Введение. Интерпретация внешнего облика, его оценок и самооценок с позиций социально-психологического подхода. В статье развивается социально-психологический подход к внешнему облику, его оценкам и самооценкам. С позиций данного подхода внешний облик трактуется как конструируемая форма объективизации внутреннего мира личности, как феномен, отражающий различные этапы жизненного пути на основе динамичных, вариабельных взаимосвязей трех компонентов: 1) физического, 2) социального облика, 3) экспрессивного поведения. В статье в рамках социально-психологического подхода к внешнему облику представлена трактовка оценок и самооценок как результатов социально-перцептивной деятельности, направленной на установление взаимосвязей между внешним обликом и психологическими, социально-психологическими особенностями личности. В ней отмечается, что оценки и самооценки внешнего облика молодыми людьми являются значимыми, эмоционально-насыщенными феноменами, включенными в ценностно-смысловую сферу, регулирующими переживания и взаимоотношения молодых людей.
Социокультурные, социально-психологические факторы оценок и самооценок внешнего облика. В статье подчеркивается, что оценки и самооценки внешнего облика зависят от большого числа разнообразных факторов. В ней акцент сделан на рассмотрении социально-психологических факторов оценок и самооценок внешнего облика: значимых Других, семьи, группы, которые во многих случаях реализуют функцию «социального давления» на отношение молодых людей к своему внешнему облику. В статье выделяются интегральные социально-психологические, личностные факторы (самоотношение, жизненные стратегии, удовлетворенность жизнью, перфекционизм, нарциссизм) динамики самооценок и оценок внешнего облика.
Обсуждение и обоснование «многофакторной социально-психологической модели изучения отношения к внешнему облику». В статье на основе социально-психологического анализа проблемы оценок и самооценок внешнего облика сделан вывод о преобладании в работах корреляционного подхода. В ней предлагается перейти от одно-, двух-, трехфакторных моделей изучения оценок внешнего блика к «многофакторной социально-психологической модели изучения отношения к внешнему облику». В данную модель в качестве факторов включены: компоненты внешнего облика (физический, социальный облик, экспрессивное поведение) и их интегральные характеристики; совокупность групповых, межличностных, личностных, субъектных факторов, воздействие которых опосредовано социокультурными условиями бытия человека.
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Kon I. S. Otkrytie «Ya» [Self-discovery]. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1978. 367 p.
Paludi M. Psikhologiyazhenshchiny [The psychology of women]. St. Petersburg, Praim-EVROZNAK Publ., 2003. 384 p.
Trekels J., Eggermont S.Beauty is good: The appearance culture, the internalization of appearance ideals, and dysfunctional appearance beliefs among tweens. Human Communication Research, 2017, V. 43,Issue 2, pp. 173–192. DOI: 10.1111/hcre.12100
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