Аннотация
Введение. В статье рассматриваются культурно-интеллектуальные особенности распознавания лицевой экспрессии разными этнофорами, к которым относятся опыт общения, опыт восприятия лиц и лицевой экспрессии; знание правил выражения эмоций, культурных стилей выражения эмоций. В работе представлены отечественные и зарубежные подходы к восприятию лиц и распознаванию лицевой экспрессии. Новизна исследования заключается в изучении культурно-интеллектуальных способностей личности в процессе адаптации к проживанию в поликультурном пространстве современного общества через распознавание лицевой экспрессии во время взаимодействия с другими этнофорами.
Материалы и методы. В качестве методического инструментария используются опросник «Шкала культурного интеллекта», направленный на исследование культурно-интеллектуальных способностей личности, и международная база эмоций MSFDE (Montreal Set of Facial Displays of Emotion) для изучения способности распознавать лицевую экспрессию на лицах собственных этнофоров и представителей других этнокультурных групп.
Результаты. На выборке 129-ти российских студентов и 129-ти студентов из стран Азии (Китай, Вьетнам, Монголия), средний возраст которых составил 24 года, авторы выделили общие культурно-интеллектуальные особенности распознавания эмоций на лицах разных этнофоров. Было выявлено, что метакогнитивный компонент позволяет личности успешнее распознавать лицевую экспрессию на лицах азиатского происхождения, а мотивационный компонент посредством стремления понять другого этнофора повышает успешность распознавания лицевых экспрессий в целом.
Обсуждение результатов. Авторы сделали вывод, что успешность распознавания лицевых экспрессий российскими испытуемыми связана с их большей открытостью и опытом общения, а азиатские испытуемые более закрыты и менее включены в межэтническое взаимодействие. Личность с высокими метакогнитивными интеллектуальными способностями более успешна в распознавании лицевой экспрессии, поскольку осознанно выбирает стратегию межкультурного взаимодействия. Преимуществом при распознавании экспрессий на лицах представителей разных культур являются высокие мотивационно-интеллектуальные способности, т. к. они отвечают за стремление понимать другую культуру.
Библиографические ссылки
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Montague D. P. F., Walker-Andrews A. S. Peekaboo: A new look at infants’ perception of emotion expressions. Developmental Psychology, 2001, V. 37, pp. 826–838.
Walker P. M. & Tanaka J. W. An encoding advantage for own-race versus other-race faces. Perception, 2003, V. 32, pp. 1117–1125.
Walker-Andrews A. S., Grolnick W. Discrimination of vocal expression by young infants. Infant Behavior and Development, 1983, V. 6, pp. 491–498.
Walker-Andrews A. S., Lennon E. Infants’ discrimination of vocal expressions: Contributions of auditory and visual information. Infant Behavior and Development, 1991, V. 14, pp. 131–142.
Walker-Andrews A. S. Infants’ perception of expressive behaviors: Differentiation of multimodal information. Psychological Bulletin, 1997, V. 121, pp. 437–456.
Boucsein K., Weniger G., Mursch K., Steinhoff B. J., Irle E. Amygdala lesion in temporal lobe epilepsy subjects impairs associative learning of emotional facial expressions. Neuropsychologia, 2001, V. 39, Issue 3, pp. 231–236.
Calder A. J., Burton A. M., Miller P., Young A. W., Akamatsu S. A principal component analysis of facial expressions. Vision Research, 2001, V. 41, Issue 9, pp. 1179–1208. DOI: 10.1016/S0042-6989(01)00002-5
Calder A. J., Keane J., Young A. W., Dean M. Configural information in facial expression perception. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2000, V. 26, Issue 2, pp. 527–551. DOI: 10.1037/0096-1523.26.2.527
Meletti S., Benuzzi F., Cantalupo G., Rubboli G., Tassinari C. A., Nichelli P. Facial emotion recognition impairment in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2009, V. 50, Issue 6, pp. 1547–1559. DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01978.x
Meletti S., Tassi L., Mai R., Fini N., Tassinari C. A., Russo G. L. Emotions induced by intracerebral electrical stimulation of the temporal lobe. Epilepsia, 2006, V. 47, Issue 5, pp. 47–51. DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00877.x
Monti G., Meletti S. Emotion recognition in temporal lobe epilepsy: A systematic review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2015, V. 55, pp. 280–293. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.05.009
Papps B. P., Calder A. J., Young A. W., O'Carroll R. E. Document Dissociation of affective modulation of recollective and perceptual experience following amygdala damage. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 2003, V. 74, Issue 2, pp. 253–254. DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.74.2.253
Young A. W., Hellawell D., Hay D. C. Configurational information in face perception. Perception, 1987, V. 16, pp. 747–759. DOI: 10.1068/p160747
Farah M. J., Wilson K. D., Drain M., Tanaka J. N. What is “special” about face perception? Psychological review, 1998, V. 105, pp. 482–498. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.105.3.482
Frijda N. H., Mesquita B., S. Kitayama, H. R. Markus (eds.). The social rules and functions of emotions. Emotion and culture: empirical studies of mutual influence. Washington DC, American Psychological Association, 1994, pp. 51–87.
Jack R. E., Caldara R., Schyns P. G. Internal representations reveal cultural diversity in expectations of facial expressions of emotion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012, V. 141 (1), pp. 19–25. DOI: 10.1037/a0023463
Kitayama S., Mesquita B., Karasawa M. Collective and personal processes in regulating emotions: emotion and self in Japan and the United States. In: Philippot P., Feldman R. S. The Regulation of Emotion. Mahwah, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004, pp. 255–277.
Kitayama S., Mesquita B., Karasawa M. The emotional bases of independent and interdependent selves: socially disengaging and engaging emotions in the U. S. and Japan. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2006, V. 91, pp. 890–903.
Yuki M., Maddux W. W., Masuda T. Are the windows to the soul the same in the East and West? Cultural differences in using the eyes and mouth as cues to recognize emotions in Japan and the United States. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2007, V. 43, Issue 2, pp. 303–311. DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2006.02.004
Barabanshchikov V. A. Vospriyatie vyrazhenii litsa [Perception of facial expressions]. Moscow, RAS Institute of Psychology Publ., 2009.
Barabanshchikov V. A., Korol'kova O. A., Lobodinskaya E. A. Vliyanie kazhushchegosya dvizheniya rasfokusirovannogo izobrazheniya litsa na raspoznavanie bazovykh emotsii [The impact of apparent motion of the defocused face image on basic facial expressions recognition]. III Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya “Aktual'nye problemy psikhologii i pedagogiki v sovremennom mire” [Proc. The III International Theoretical and Practical Conference “Actual problems of psychology and pedagogy in modern world”]. Moscow, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia Publ., 2017, pp. 50–55.
Barabanshchikov V. A., Korol'kova O. A., Lobodinskaya E. A. Perception of facial emotional states during its masking and apparent motion. Eksperimental'naya psikhologiya – Experimental Psychology, 2015, V. 8, no. 1, pp. 7–27 (in Russian).
Barabanshchikov V. A., Malkova T. N. The dependence of the accuracy for the identification of facial expression on the localization of facial manifestations. Voprosy psikhologii, 1986, no. 5, pp. 131–140 (in Russian).
Barabanshchikov V. A., Demidov A. A. Perception of individual psychological characteristics of a person in direct and vicarious communication. Vestnik MOPU – Bulletin of Moscow State Regional University, 2007, no. 3, pp. 17–27 (in Russian).
Barabanshchikov V. A., Zhegallo A. B., Khoze E. G. Categoriality boundaries in perception of facial expressions. In: Poznanie v strukture obshcheniya [Cognition in the structure of communication]. Moscow, RAS Institute of Psychology Publ., 2009, pp. 22–29.
Barabanshchikov V. A., Zhegallo A. V., Ivanova L. A. inverted facial expressions recognition. In: Eksperimental'naya psikhologiya v Rossii: traditsii i perspektivy [Experimental psychology in Russia: Traditions and prospects]. Moscow, RAS Institute of Psychology Publ., 2010, pp. 218–223.
Barabanshchikov V. A. The idea of systemacy in psychology: Ways of development. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal, 2008, 29 (1), pp. 5–13 (in Russian).
Elfenbein H. A. Nonverbal dialects and accents in facial expressions of emotion. Emotion Review, 2013, V. 5, Issue 1, pp. 90–96. DOI: 10.1177/1754073912451332
Elfenbein H. A., & Ambady N. Is There an In-Group Advantage in Emotion Recognition? Psychological Bulletin, 2002, V. 128, no. 2, pp. 243–249. DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.128.2.243
Elfenbein H. A., & Ambady N. On the universality and cultural specificity of emotion recognition: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 2002, V. 128 (2), pp. 203–235. DOI: 10.1037//0033-2909.128.2.203
Elfenbein H. A., & Ambady N. When familiarity breeds accuracy: Cultural exposure and facial emotion recognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2003, V. 85 (2), pp. 276–290. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.276
Matsumoto D., Ekman P. American-Japanese differences in intensity ratings of facial expressions of emotion. Motivation and Emotion, 1989, V. 13, Issue 2, pp. 143–157. DOI: 10.1007/BF00992959
Matsumoto D. American-Japanese Cultural Differences in the Recognition of Universal Facial Expressions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1992, V. 23, Issue 1, pp. 72–84. DOI: 10.1007/s10919-009-0068-z
Matsumoto D. Cultural similarities and differences in display rules. Motivation and Emotion, 1990, V. 14, Issue 3, pp. 195–214. DOI: 10.1007/BF00995569
Matsumoto D. Methodological requirements to test a possible in-group advantage in judging emotions across cultures: Comment on Elfenbein and Ambady (2002) and evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 2002, V. 128 (2), pp. 236–242. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.128.2.236
Ekman P., T. Dalgleish, T. Power (eds.). Basic emotions. Handbook of Cognition and Emotion. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1999, pp. 45–60.
Ekman P., Sorenson E. R., & Friesen W. V. Pan-cultural elements in facial displays of emotion. Science, 1969, V. 164, pp. 86–88.
Lindsay D. S., Jack Jr. P. C., Christian M. A. Other-race face perception. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1991, V. 76, pp. 587–589.
Kito T., Lee B. Interpersonal perception in Japanese and British observers. Perception, 2004, V. 33, Issue 8, pp. 957–974. DOI: 10.1068/p3471
Earley P. C. & Mosakowski E. Cultural Intelligence. Harvard Business Review, 2004, V. 82, no. 10, pp. 139–146.
Belovol E. V., Shkvarilo K. A., Khvorova E. M. C. Earley and S. Ang’s Cultural Intelligence Scale adaptation on the Russian sample. Vestnik Rossiiskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Psikhologiya i pedagogika – Bulletin of Russian Peoples’ Friendship University. Series Psychology and Pedagogics, 2012, no. 4, pp. 5–14 (in Russian).
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