Аннотация
Введение. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью комплексного анализа проблемы личностно-средового взаимодействия на современном этапе. Целью данного исследования является сравнительный анализ ценностных ориентаций (культурные измерения и базисные ценности) и параметров психологической системы деятельности вузовской молодежи в четырех российских городах. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 735 студентов вузов, обучающихся в Санкт-Петербурге, Калининграде, Томске и Иркутске. Использовалась батарея опросниковых методик, сгруппированных по трем векторам исследования: 1) ценностные ориентации на уровне культуры (методики Г. Хофстеде и Р. Инглхарта); 2) ценностные ориентации на индивидуальном уровне (методика СОРБЦ); 3) параметры психологической системы деятельности: самодетерминация, потребности в достижении и аффилиации, личностная готовность к деятельности (целеполагание, планирование, рефлексия и удовлетворенность жизнью), инновативные качества личности. Статистический анализ включал описательные статистики, факторный анализ и дисперсионный анализ ANOVA. Результаты. Факторный анализ выявил ведущие показатели, характеризующие специфику личностно-средового взаимодействия на примере вузовской молодежи. К ним относятся потенциал городской среды, личностная готовность к деятельности и традиционные ценности. Ценностные ориентации в исследуемых выборках различались как на уровне культуры (долгосрочная ориентация, традиционные ценности), так и на индивидуальном уровне (субъективная оценка реализуемости базисных метаценностей, выступающая мерилом потенциала городской среды). Также выявлены особенности параметров психологической системы деятельности (планирование, потребность в связанности с другими людьми, индекс самодетерминации и потребность в достижении). Обсуждение результатов. Научная новизна исследования определяется комплексным подходом к анализу специфики личностно-средового взаимодействия в контексте личностно-профессионального становления вузовской молодежи. Проведенный анализ позволил выделить ведущие показатели, характеризующие ценностные ориентации и параметры психологической системы деятельности российской вузовской молодежи, и средовую специфику исследуемых показателей, что необходимо учитывать при организации психолого-педагогического сопровождения процесса личностно-профессионального становления вузовской молодежи.
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