Аннотация
Введение. Обзор литературы, посвященной изучению закономерностей экономической социализации подростков, позволяет сформулировать предположение о том, что отношение подростков к деньгам (осознанность отношения к деньгам и уверенность в своих финансовых правах) опосредовано характеристиками их личностной зрелости. В статье впервые представлены результаты эмпирической проверки этой гипотезы. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 1145 подростков в возрасте 13–17 лет (725 девочек и 418 мальчиков), не имеющих самостоятельных источников дохода. Сбор эмпирических данных осуществлялся с помощью «Шкалы самооценки зрелости личности» (А. В. Микляева) и «Шкалы отношения подростков к деньгам» (I. Beutler, C. Gudmunson). Результаты. Показатель финансовой осознанности увеличивается по мере взросления (F = 4,17 при р < 0,01), показатель финансовых прав претерпевает менее выраженные изменения (F = 1,34 при р > 0,05). Показатель финансовой осознанности достоверно выше в выборке девочек (F = 17,16 при р < 0,001). На протяжении всего старшего подросткового возраста показатель финансовых прав положительно связан с показателем регуляторной зрелости (F = 3,11 при р = 0,05), показатель финансовой осознанности положительно связан с показателем рефлексивной зрелости (F = 9,92 при р = 0,001) и отрицательно – с показателями регуляторной (F = 7,92 при р = 0,001) и когнитивной (F = 3,50 при р = 0,03) зрелости. Обсуждение результатов. Результаты интерпретируются в контексте социально-психологического подхода к становлению личности в процессе взросления. Делается вывод о том, что фиксируемое изменение отношения к деньгам в подростковом возрасте оказывается тесно сопряжено с оценкой подростками своего личностного потенциала, в частности – тех его сторон, которые позволяют принимать самостоятельные финансовые решения. Формулируются предложения для разработки программ мероприятий, направленных на содействие конструктивной экономической социализации подростков.
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