On the issue of strategies of overcoming psychological barriers

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of strategies of overcoming psychological barriers. Various typologies of strategies of overcoming psychological barriers are the subject of research. A psychological barrier is a certain intrapersonal obstacle which overcoming leads to qualitative transformation of both the person’s activity and his/her personality (K. D. Ushinskii, S. L. Rubinshtein, B. G. Anan’ev). Emergence of a psychological barrier is treated by a number of authors as a certain critical situation which may have either constructive solutions or various destructions (N. A. Podymov, R. Kh. Shakurov). Domestic and foreign psychological literature demonstrates various approaches to ways of overcoming a crisis situation: metacognitive, cognitive, socio-affective. Strategies of overcoming are studied at two levels: situational and personal. Psychological defense (S. Freud, A. Freud), self-actualization (A. Maslow), formation of life goals (K. Rogers), etc. are considered as strategies of overcoming psychological barriers. Such types of strategies of overcoming psychological barriers as situational, initiative, defense, passive, depressive, affective-aggressive are studied in detail. In spite of the fact that psychological science has a considerable material reflecting various aspects of a problem of choosing various strategies of overcoming psychological barriers, the process of understanding and interpretation of various points of view is still far from finished.