Design of a Program Based on the Facione and Gittens Model in Modifying Radical Thinking
Abstract
Introduction. The research aimed to construct an instrument (test) for measuring the degree of radical thinking among students of the University of Mosul and design a program based on the Facione and Gittens model to know its effect in modifying radical thinking. The construction sample consisted of 400 male and female students, from which an experimental and control sample was drawn after diagnosis, amounting to 68 male and female students. Methods. The researchers designed a program based on the Facione and Gittens model with 26 sessions, and the psychometric properties of the test were extracted (validity in its types and reliability), and the percentage of agreement of the experts on the dimensions and positions of the radical thinking test reached (0.94), and the reliability coefficient of the radical thinking test by retesting reached (0.86). Results. The results showed after statistical processing using the (t) test for one sample that the arithmetic mean of the sample individuals in the pre-test amounted to (103) degrees and a standard deviation of (3.17), and when compared to the hypothetical mean of the test, which is (80), it was found that the arithmetic mean is higher than the hypothetical mean of the radical thinking test, as the calculated (t) amounted to (59.79), which is higher than the tabular t-value (1.98). The results showed the effectiveness of the program in modifying radical thinking in the post-test for the two experimental groups (males and females), with a clear decrease in the arithmetic mean of the pre-test (103), and the arithmetic mean in the post-test amounted to (79.56), while at the same time, no modification appeared in the control group. Discussion. The researchers reached some conclusions through the results, including the existence of a difference between the results of the pre-and post-test in favor of the post-test, which is attributed to the role of the program. The program contributed significantly to modifying the utopian radical thinking of the students of the University of Mosul, and this contribution was reflected in the development of critical thinking skills and positive mental habits among them.
Keywords
- Facione & Gittens model
- Radical thinking
- Utopian thinking
- Dystopian thinking
- Interpretation
- Analysis
- Inference
- Evaluation
- Explanation
- Self-regulation
How to Cite
References
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